112 THE COMMONER BUTTERFLIES. 



pillars live on grass and behave precisely as in the other 

 species, and the chrysalis hangs a fortnight. The butterfly 

 flies from Maine to Montana and in Canada, and extends 

 southward so as to overlap a little the northern limits of 

 C. alo2)e ; it flies in similar places and like it is single- 

 brooded, and in northern New England usually appears 

 about the middle of July and disappears by the end of 

 August. 



Along the belt where this species and the preceding 

 overlap, at least in New England, intergrades occur which 

 must probably be looked upon as hybrids. 



Cercyonu itegala, by some regarded as a form of C. alo'pe, occasion- 

 ally occurring in New Jersey, is a southern species in which one of 

 the large ocelli of the fore wings is obsolete. 



Other genera of this subfamily occurring in our district are: 

 (1) Neonympha, of which there are three species: N. 'phocion, a 

 southern species which has occurred, rarely, in New Jersey; N, Cor- 

 nelius, also a southern species, taken as far north as West Virginia 

 and southern Illinois; and N. onitcJiellii, known only in southern 

 Michigan and New Jersey. (2) Coenonympha with one species, G. inor- 

 nata, a northwestern form which has been taken on Lake Winnipeg 

 and even in Newfoundland. And (3) Oeneis, an interesting boreal 

 and alpine genus, of which we have no less than four species: Oe. 

 Calais, a boreal form found as far south as the southeastern extremity 

 of Hudson Bay and southern Newfoundland; Oe . macounii, known 

 only from Nepigon on the north shore of Lake Superior and at the 

 base of the Rocky Mountains in Alberta; Oe. jutta, a boreal and cir- 

 cumpolar species which has been taken in some numbers in restricted 

 localities as far south as Ottawa and Quebec in Canada and near 

 Bangor, Maine; and finally Oe. semidca, an alpine form found on the 

 barren summits of the White Mountains, N. H., above 5000 feet, and 

 on the highest peaks of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado above 

 12,000 feet. 



ITi/patus hacJimanii, of the subfamily of Long-Beaks, is a southern 

 species, very erratic in appearance, which has sometimes occurred in 

 considerable numbers in our district, especially in the West, and even 

 so far north as Wisconsin; it has on very rare occasions been taken 



in New England. 



