FAMILY TYPICAL BUTTERFLIES. 137 



37. Genus Xanthidia. 

 XANTHi'dIA NICIPPE— the BLACK-BORDERED YELLOW. 



(Terias nicippe, Eurema nicippe.) 



Butterfly. — Upper surface of wings bright orange, the fore 

 wings with a little dark mark at tip of cell and the outer border 

 broadly margined with blackish brown, which extends above to 

 the middle of the costal margin; in the male it is narrowest in the 

 middle and bends inward on the inner margin; in the female it is 

 broader and fails to reach the inner margin; hind wings with a 

 similar bordering broadest in the middle and, in the female only, 

 nearly obliterated in the lower half. Under surface bright yellow, 

 the fore wings with an orange tinge, the hind wings with some 

 short transverse streaks of ferruginous, especially in the female, 

 where the centre of the disk is often dingy white. Expanse 

 about 2 inches. 



Caterpillar. — Head pea-green dotted with black, the papillae 

 high and numerous. Body naked, pilose, the black papillae not 

 transversely arranged, the color green, darkest above, with a 

 broad yellow stigmatal band, edged slightly below with blue. 

 Length 1 inch. 



Chrysalis. — Body not bent in the middle, the wing cases very 

 protuberant; frontal horn rather long conical; color green, the 

 raised corrugations white, more or less sprinkled, especially on 

 the wings, with fuscous. Length f inch. 



This southern butterfly occurs in the southern part of 

 our district as far north, though not abundantly, as the 

 southern borders of New York; it is common enough in 

 southern but not in 'northern Ohio. It is found in open 

 fields and has an active flight. It is apparently double- 

 brooded and lives a long time as a butterfly, flying in the 

 South from the time of its first appearance fresh from the 

 chrysalis about the middle of May until the middle of 

 November, with a notable accession in numbers about the 

 middle of August, marking the apparition of the second 

 brood. In keeping with this longevity, the butterfly hiber- 

 nates and is seen again in the earliest days of spring. The 

 eggs, which are fusiform, with about thirty vertical ribs 



