APPENDIX. 199 



imprisoned females or found in tlie open field, he should 

 note every change which transpires, describe, and, if pos- 

 sible, draio in detail every stage, giving to each separate 

 lot a distinctive number, which it should keep until its 

 name is known. As his stock enlarges and his knowledge 

 increases, comparative study will supersede many of his 

 earlier descriptions ; but these will not have been without 

 their value ; they will have cost no more than they are 

 worth ; his knowledge will have been gained through, as 

 well as at the expense of, his earlier work, none of which 

 will he regret; he can therefore be neither too minute 

 nor too exact, nor can he afford to relax any endeavor 

 until he has proved it unnecessary. 



He should preserve in his permanent collection speci- 

 mens to illustrate every condition of the creature's life, as 

 well as all objects which illustrate its habits and vicissi- 

 tudes. Especially should all variations be observed. The 

 ^gg with the leaf upon which it is laid in a state of nature ; 

 not only the caterpillar at every stage, but in all the atti- 

 tudes it assumes, the nests it weaves, the half-devoured 

 leaves to show its manner of feeding, the ejectamenta, the 

 parasites by which it is beset ; not only the chrysalis, but 

 the emptied skin ; the butterflies of each brood, together 

 with some preserved in their natural attitudes when at 

 rest, and when asleep; and such dissections of the external 

 parts as can be separately mounted and cannot otherwise 

 be readily seen ; also the wings and body of the butterfly 

 denuded of their scales, to study the structural framework 

 of the insect ; and, when possible, dissections of the inter- 

 nal parts preserved in alcohol. 



Every pinned specimen, excepting such as illustrate the 

 anatomy only, should bear upon the pin a label giving the 

 place and date of capture, and, when necessary, a number 

 referring to a catalogue or note-book in which memoranda 

 may be entered to any extent that is desired. The name 



