28 TETTIGID.'€. OF NORTH AMERICA 



oblicjue, flattened, or curved. When viewed in front the com- 

 ponent parts contributing to this outline are the frontal costa 

 above and the frontal carina below. The vertex varies extremely 

 and it is often divided by a mid-carina. It may be broad or more 

 or less narrow, and is conijjared in breadth with one of the 

 eyes. The eyes are nearly always conspicuous and globular, 

 or subelliptic; their outline in profile may be circular or trian- 

 gular. The ocelli are three in number in the form of a triangle, 

 the base directed upward and backward. The median ocellus 

 is placed anterior to the other two in the lower portion of the 

 grooved frontal costa. The others are situated sometimes 

 almost in the same vertical line or back and above on either 

 side of the frontal costa before the eyes. The antennas are 

 variable in length and the number of articles, there being 

 as few as twelve and as many as twenty-two. In shape they 

 are cylindrical or filiform. They are longest in Tettigidea, 

 Scudd., and Plectronotus, Morse, where they reach to the 

 humeral angle or base of femora, and are very slender in 

 ChoriphyUuni. The frontal costa extends down the middle of 

 the face, commencing above at the fastigium and ending at 

 the median ocellus. It is more or less furcate, or the branches 

 may strongly diverge, forming a frontal scutellum. Viewed 

 in profile the frontal costa is sometimes sinuate, rounded, or 

 flat above. It is not infrequently continuous upon the vertex 

 as the median carina, where it may end more or less abruptly 

 or extend and disappear further back on the crown. Below, 

 on the face, it is continuous with a single frontal carina which 

 bifurcates near the clypeus. The collective parts of the 

 mouth rest against the sternomentum; the maxillar}- palpi 

 have the extremity enlarged. The pronotum is remarkably 

 developed posteriorly into an apical process extending beyond 

 the posterior femora, or it may be abbreviated; the dorsum 

 may be flattened, tectiform, compressed, or very much ele- 

 vated and foliaceous, while the surface may be smooth, rugose, 

 rugulose, arenose, scabrous, or tuberculose. The anterior 

 margin of the pronotum is most frequently truncate. The 

 pronotum extends down on either side of the body forward, 

 forming the lateral lobes. The outer surface is usually 



