HANCOCK 179 



INCUBATION TWEXTY DAYS OR UNDER— h\CREASED HEAT 

 SHORTENING TIME OF INCUBATION IN JUNE. 



I noticed to-day that some larvae recently hatched are in the jar con- 

 taining adult specimens taken June 3. The larvas have hatched under 

 twenty-three days. Judging from the size, they are not older than twenty- 

 four hours, which would make twenty days in hatching, providing the eggs 

 were laid the first day the adults entered the jar. But I have no certain 

 evidence of this. At any rate, incubation was twenty-three days or less. The 

 greater heat now coming on, having gradually increased in the past month, 

 evidently operates in more rapid development of the embryon, shortening 

 the time of incubation materially. June 25, 189S. 



HATCHING OF TETTIGIDEA PARVIPENNIS IN JULY'. 

 Several Tettigidea parvipennis h.s.\.i:.\ie.A \o-A-3.y . July 5, i8g8. 



TETTIGIDEA PARVIPENNIS H.4TCHED JULY 5 M.A.TURES 

 AUGUST 27, 28, AND 29, RESPECTIVELY. 



Tettigidea parvipennis raised in vivarium, and hatched July 5, have shed 

 their last skins, August 27, 28, and 29, making their maturing period fifty- 

 three to fifty-six days. I am convinced that nutrition governs this period 

 to a considerable extent, shortening or lengthening the time depending 

 on the amount of food being obtained by the individuals. The difi^erence 

 between a larva and pupa state is not easy to observe in the Tettigids 

 owing to the pronotum obscuring observation of the wing formation 

 during ecdysis. As near as I have been able to determine, there are four 

 molts before the imago is reached, and possibly five if nutrition and 

 rapidity of development is maintained. 



SPERMATOZOA LIVE A LONG TIME WITHIN THE BODY OF 

 THE FEMALE -FORTY-FIVE EGGS LAID BY TETTIGIDEA 

 PARVIPENNIS IN THREE CONSECUTIVE PERIODS-FIRST 

 TWENTY-ONE, SECOND SEVEN,THIRD SEVENTEEN EGGS. 



-^ female Tettigidea parvipennis which I found in a swampy meadow 

 May II, remained in vivarium without association with the male. On June 

 22, or forty-two days after being taken, she oviposited (9:15 a. m. to 10:20 

 a. m.). Fertilization must have taken place in nature, and here is evidence 

 that the spermatozoa lives a long time within the body of the female. 

 There were twenty-one eggs in the mass closely cemented together. On 

 carefully exposing the eggs they are covered now (two days after) by a 

 whitish deposit, and underneath the white covering they appear pale 

 greenish gray. The eggs were laid about ten millimeters below the surface 

 of the ground, the egg-mass forming a pear-shape body with tlie pointed 

 extremities upwards. The individual eggs are shaped somewhat like a 

 long wine-bottle, see Plate XI., Figs. 2 and 2a. Following this observation, 

 I saw the same female, above referred to, again oviposit. This time she 



