the fishes op malabar. -'-> f j 



* Engraulis Hamiltonii. 



Engraulis Hamiltonii, Gray, 111. I. Z., pi. 92, f. 3 ; Guv. & Val. xxi. p. GG. 

 Poorawaii, Russell, pi. 18'J. 



B. xii. D. T V P. 14. V. 7. A. 35-37. C. 18. 

 Body oblong and compressed. 



Head thick, long : the posterior extremity of the maxilla passes the base of the pectoral fin. 

 Fins— Anal situated in the last half of the body and completely posterior to the dorsal fin. 

 Teeth — In both jaws, palate, and tongue. 



Colours— Back plumbaceous, the rest of the body yellowish silvery. The dorsal, pectoral, 

 ventral, and caudal yellowish, the last bordered with black. Anal bluish. 

 Grows to nine inches in length. 

 Habitat — Seas of India. 



Engraulis Malabaricus. 



Clupea Malabarica, Block, pi. 432. 

 Engraulis Malabaricus, Guv. & Vol.. xxi. p. 63. 

 Monangoo, Mai. 



B. xii. D. 13. P. 14. V. 7. A. 40. C. 19. L. 1. 42. L. tr. 11. 



Length of head ^, of pectoral £, of caudal £, of base of dorsal T X T , of anal nearly 1 total 

 length. Height of head A, of body nearly \, of dorsal \, of ventral ^, of anal ^ of total length. 



Eyes— With adipose lids each having a vertical elliptical orifice. Diameter A of length of head, 

 | of a diameter from end of snout, 1J diameters apart. 



Body rather short, and strongly compressed. Profile from snout to caudal nearly straight ; 

 from anterior extremity of the mandibulae to the end of the anal fin it is strongly curved. 



Mouth wide and compressed. Upper jaw the longest. The posterior extremity of the 

 maxilla reaches nearly to the posterior extremity of the subopercles : it has a supplementary bone 

 posteriorly in the first three-fourths of its course, opposite the inferior extremity of which 

 there is another bone irregularly elliptical at its extremity and quite fine at its upper end. 

 Lower jaw with an elevation at the symphysis, and the openings of three large glands along its 

 outer margin. Snout large, overhanging the upper jaw. A longitudinal sharp ridge along the 

 centre of the interorbital space. Nostrils large, and oval, surrounded by a raised bony arch. 

 Opercle three times as high as wide. Subopercle small and triangular, with its apex behind and 



below. 



Teeth — In single rows in the whole extent of the maxilla, and also on the mandibular : a very 

 small patch of sharp teeth on the anterior part of the vomer, and some fine deciduous ones on the 



palatine bones. 



Fins Pectoral commences under the posterior superior angle of the subopercle : dorsal 



midway between the snout and the base of the caudal : ventral at the posterior extremity of the 

 pectoral : anal under the posterior extremity of the dorsal. Dorsal with a minute spine situated a 

 short distance before it, and partially concealed by the scales : the first three rays of the fin 

 undivided, the third the longest, and four times more so than the last : the upper margin nearly 

 straight : a groove of scales along its base. Pectoral pointed, with an elongated scale at its base. 



