30 ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



nouleni) is intended for this fish and not for a species of Mesopnon (? Sernmns) to which Cuvier refers it ■without 

 however having seen a specimen. His account of the colour corresponds exactly with that of the nouleni of 

 Madras. It is a very beautiful fish but one of very soft and flabby texture." The figure of nouleni is 

 amongst Sir W. Elliot's drawings (No. 15), and to it Jerdon has attached the name of Serranus nouleni. 

 Irrespective of this he sent a specimen to the British Mu.semn where it still exists, and is placed in the catalogue 

 (i, p. 200) as Mesoprion dudecacanthoides, a. Half-gi-own ; not good state. Madras. Presented by J. C. 

 Jerdon, Esq. 



In the unrivalled Paris collection, Cuv. and Val.'s two specimens of Serranns nouleni, C. V. still exist 

 and are, as suggested by Jerdon, identical with the species dcsciibed alsove. 



Bleeker first pointed out that the lineolata Riippell and Russell's karooi are identical. I have figured both 

 varieties owing to the great difl^erence I observed in their colouration, the size of the eye, &c. Fig. 1 is from 

 the coast of Sind (7i inches in length) and its tints resemble those shown by Ruppell : fig. 2 is from Madras 

 (7 inches long) and its colours are as described by Russell. 



In the ' Fishes of Zanzibar,' three varieties are recorded, (1) j-ellow witli pale blue streaks above the 

 lateral-line, and about seven below it : (2) olive-brown with the lines darker blue : (3) \-iolet above, muzzle 

 rosy, the oblique and longitudinal lines yellow. The form, however, with blue streaks has a well-developed 

 interopercular knob, and can hardly be considered as a mere variety of this species. 



Habitat. — Red Sea, East coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. It is very common ofl' 

 Madras. 



9. Lutianus lemniscatus. 



Serranus lemniscatus, Cuv. and Val. ii, p. 240; Giinther, Catal. i, p. I5.'>. 



Lntjanus melanotcema, Bleeker, Obi, p. 24-5, and Atl. Ich. Perc. t. vii, tig. 2, and Lutjaiii, p. 66. 



B. vii, D. f2, P. 17, V. 1/5, A. f, C. 17, L. 1. 5G, L. tr. 8/21. 



Length of head 3/10, of caudal 4/21, height of body 4/13 of the total length. Eyes — diameter 1/4 of 

 length of head, I3 diameters from end of snout, and 3/4 of a diameter apart. Dorsal profile more convex than 

 that of the abdomen, and slightly concave between the snout and the eye. The maxilla reaches to below the 

 front edge of the eye. Vertical limb of preopercle serrated and with a shallow emargination : interopercle 

 with a badly developed knob. Teeth — canines large in the upper jaw. Fins — dorsal spines rather strong, 

 increasing in length to the fourth which equals the postorbital length of the head, and a little higher than the 

 rays : pectoral not quite so long as the head : the second and third anal spines of about the same length and 

 equal to the tliird of the dorsal fin : caudal emarginate. Scales — in oblique rows above the lateral-line, and 

 horizontal ones below it. Colours —appear to have been dark red or yellow, with a wide brown or black band 

 going from the eye to the centre of the caudal fin, and another less defined and narrow one below it but 

 parallel to it. The above description is from Valenciennes specimen in the Paris Museum, which is in a good 

 state of preservation. It was obtained from Ceylon. 



Habitat. — Ceylon to the Malay Archipelago. 



10. Lutianus chrysotaBiiia, Plate XI, fig. 3. 

 Mesoprimi chrysotmnia, Bleeker, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind. ii, 1851, p. 170, and Act. Soc. Ned. Ind. Manado, 

 i, p. 40 ; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 192 ; Kner. Novara Fische, p. 34. 



Ltifjanas chrysotn-nia, Bleeker, Ternate, p. 233, and Atl. Ich. Perc. t. xxiv, fig. 4, and Lutjani, p. 22. 



B. vii, D. i?-, P. 16, V. 1/5, A. f, C. 17, L. 1. 52, L. r. -ff, L. tr. 8/22. 



Length of head 2/7, of caudal 1/5, height of body 4/13 to 2/7 of the total length. Eyes—diameter 4/15 



of length of head, IJ diameters fi-om end of snout, and 1 apart. Abdominal jjrofile nearly horizontal, that of the 



dorsal more convex, l>ut from the orbit to the nape it is straight, or slightly concave : snout pointed : jaws of 



nearly equal length anteriorly : preorbital under the front third of tlie eye equals three-foui'ths of the diameter 



of the orbit in height. The maxilla reaches to below the anterior third of the orbit. Vertical limb of 



preopercle having a very shallow emargination, its angle rounded but not produced, both limbs finely serrated. 



No interopercular knob. Opercular points indistinct. Teeth— a pair of large curved canines in the premaxillaries, 



an outer row of curved canine-like teeth in the upper jaw more closely set but smaller than one which is present 



in the lower jaw : villiform teeth on vomer in a T-form (or a lanceolate patch, Bleeker) : in a band on the palate : 



and in an oblong patch, rather largest anteriorly, on the tongue. Fiws— dorsal spines weak, increasing in length 



to the third which eqtials that of the postorbital portion of the head, from thence they decrease to the last, which 



is two-thirds in the same distance : soft portion of the fin rounded, the highest ray equals two-fifths of the length 



of its base and is much lower than the spinous portion. Pectoral pointed, as long as the head, posterior to the 



hind nostril and reaching to nearly above the anal spines : ventral reaches two-thirds of the distance at the anal : 



second anal spine strongest but scarcely so long as the third which equals Ijdiameters of the orbit in length, its 



first rays highest and are as long as the base of the entire fin, its lower edge rounded, caudal emarginate. Scales 



— in oijlique rows above the lateral-line, and in horizontal ones below it : nine toten rows across the cheek. 



Colours — olive-gi-een with a dark band passing from the upper edge of the eye to the end of the spinous dorsal : 



a second through the upper fourth of the eye to the last few dorsal rays, and a third from the centre of the eye 



to the upper half of the base of the caudal fin and having a golden band below it, inferior to wluch is another dark 



