40 ACANTHOPTERTGII. 



Tlie small eye, short anal spines, and edentidous tongue divide this species from fnh-!flariima, -wliich t 

 much reseml)les, whilst its scales L. r. ff likewise show that it cannot be L. jahngamh having L. r. Af. 



Habitat. — Red Sea, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago ; attaining at least 18 inches in length. 



16. Lutianus jahngarali. 



Sparus enjthrinws, ? Russell, Fish. Vizag. i, p. 72, Jakiujarah, pi. 90. 



Mesoprion sillaao, Day, Fish. Malabar, p. 12, pi. 11. fig. 1 (net C. V.) 



Purruwa, Ooriah. 



B. vii, D. T^.Q^, P. IC, V. 1/5, A. §, C. 17, L. 1. 46, L. r. fj, L. tr. 6/17. 



Length of head 2/7, of caudal 1/6, height of body 2/7 of the total length. Ei/es — diameter 1/5 of fength 

 of head, If diameter from end of snout, and 1 apart. Dorsal profile more convex than that of the abdomen. 

 The distance between the eye and the upper edge of the maxilla equals one diameter of the orbit. The maxilla 

 reaches to below the middle of the orbit. Vertical limb of preopercle with a shallow emargination above its 

 rounded angle, which appears continuous with its oblique lower limb ; the whole of its vertical limb is finely 

 serrated, but about the angle they increase in size, and along the lower limb are more widely apart. A distinct 

 though small interopercular knob. Opercular points blunt. Teeth — a pair of large slightly curved canines in 

 tlie premaxillaries, an outer row of curved, conical, canine-like teeth in both jaws, those in the lower being the 

 largest : villiform ones in a j\-shape in the vomer, in a band on the palate but none on the tongue. Fins — 

 dorsal spines moderately strong, the third the longest and nearly equal to one-third the height of the bodj', 

 fi'om it they decrease to the last, which is only half its height ; soft portion of the fin rather rounded, not so 

 high as the spinous, and its highest ray equal to two-thirds the length of its base. Pectoral as long as the 

 head behind the front nostrd, and not reaching to above the anal spines, the ventral reaches a little above half 

 way to the anal fin. Second anal spine stronger but shorter than the third, which equals the length of the 

 seventh dorsal spine or one diameter of the orbit, soft portion of the fin angularly rounded, central rays the 

 highest and equal the length of its entire base : caudal emarginate, being lobed in its last fourth, the upper 

 being slightly the longer. Scales — in almost parallel rows to the dorsal profile both above and below the 

 lateral-line, but becoming a little irregular below the soft dorsal, where they ascend obliquely upwards and 

 backwards, but become horizontal again beyond the end of the fin: seven rows across the cheeks: 11 rows 

 between the occiput and base of dorsal fin. Colours — back brownish-red, the base of each scale being darkest, 

 whilst below the lateral-line it becomes of a lake-colour, having a tinge of orange along the lower surface of 

 the body. A blue zig-zag line crosses the preorbital. Spinous portion of dorsal and anal grej-ish, the soft 

 scarlet tinged with orange : pectorals scarlet : front edge of anal whitish. 



This species is evidently closely allied to L. rangus, it difi'ers greatly in colours, in wanting lingual teeth, 

 in the number of its scales, the length of its spines, and the size of its eye. L. lioglossiis, Bleeker, has no lingual 

 teeth, but its scales are oblique above the lateral-line, and much more numerous, being L. r. fyj. This species 

 difi'ers fi-om L. sillaoo in having a small interopercular knob, its lower spinous dorsal, the direction of its scales 

 above the lateral-line, &c. 



Habitat. — Seas of India, attaining two feet or more in length. It is esteemed good eating. 



17. Lutianus quinqiielineatus, Plate XII, fig. 3. 



Holocentnis qm'nqnelineat ns, Bloch, iv, p. 84 : Laccp. iv, p. 329. 



Sparus mungi inapudi, Russell, Fish. Vizag. ii, p. 8, pi. 110. 



Mesopirion qrdnquelineatus, Cuv. and Val. ii, p. 445 : Giinther, Catal. i, p. 209. 



Biampe cmmleolineata, Riipp. N. W. Fische, p. 93, t. 24, f. 3 : Klunz. Verh. z. b. Ges. in Wien, 1870, p. 701. 



B. vii, D. ^_°„, P. 16, V. 1/5, A. jV, C. 17, L. I. 51, L. r. a§, L. tr. 8/21. 



Length of head 2/7, of caudal 2/11, height of body 2/7 of the total length. Eyes— diameter 2/9 of 

 length of head, 1^ diameter from end of snout, and 3/4 of a diameter apart. Body rather strongly compressed, 

 dorsal profile having a considerable rise from the snout and being somewhat concave above the orbit. The 

 maxilla reaches to below the middle of the orbit. Height of preorbital below the first third of the eye equals 

 three-fourths of the diameter of the orbit. Preopercle with a shallow emargination above its angle, the whole 

 of its vertical limb finely serrated, most coarsely so at its angle, lower limb entire : no interopercular knob : 

 opercle with two verj- blunt points. Teeth — an exceedingly strong curved canine on either side of the prcmaxillary, 

 and two intermediate small ones, an outer row of curved canine-like teeth in both jaws, largest in the lower : 

 villiform ones in a ^-shape on the vomer, in a narrow band on the palatines and in an oblong patch along the 

 centre of the tongue. Fins — dorsal spines moderately strong, increasing in height to the fourth, which equals 

 the length of the postorbital portion of the head ; they subsequently gradually decrease to the last, which is 

 two-thirds the height of the longest ; soft portion of the fin rounded, as high as the spinous, and its longest ray 

 equal to two-thu-ds of the length of its base. Pectoral equals the length of the head behind the posterior 

 nostril : the ventral does not quite reach the anal spines. Second anal spine stronger but not so long as the 

 third, which equals the length of the last dorsal spine, soft portion of the fin one-third higher in front than the 

 last ray, its lower edge rounded : caudal lunated. Scales — in oblique rows above the latei-al-line and horizontal 

 ones below it : they extend forwards on the back to above the hind edge of the eye : seven rows on the cheeks. 

 Colours — a blue band goes from the eye to the base of the last dorsal spine : two from the posterior-superior 



