• 142 ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



5. Chrysophrys sarba, Plate XXXIV, fig. C. 



Spams sarha, Forsk. p. 31 ; Gmel. Linn. p. 127o ; Bl. Sclin. p. 280 ; Lacep. iv, pp. 97, 103. 

 Sparus hitfonites, Lacep. iv, pp. 141, 143, pi. 2G, fig. 3. 

 Sparus psittacus, Lacep. iv, p. 141. 

 Sparus chitchillee, Russell, i, p. 73, pi. xei. 



Cimjsoplmjs snrla, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 102 ; Riipp. N. W. Fische, p. 110, pi. 28, f. 1 ; Giintlier, Catal. i, 

 p. 488; Kuer, Novara Fische, p. 88; Klunz. Fische d. Roth. Meer. 1870, p. 769. 

 Clirysoplirijs clinjsari/ijrn, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 107. 

 Tin-til, Belooch. : Chitchilli'e, Tel. : VeUa-maUawa, Tam. : Snffada-mucldawa, Hind. 



B. vi, D. -ri-Vr, P- 15, V. 1/5, A. -V, C. 17, L. 1. 65-60, L. tr. 6-7/14. 



Length of head 1/4 to 4j, of caudal 2/11 to 1/5, height of body 2/5 to 4/11 of the total length. Etjes — 

 diameter 1/3 to 3j in the length of head, 1^ diameters from end of snout, and Ij apart. Dorsal profile slightly 

 m.ore convex than that of the abdomen. The masilla reaches to below the front edge of the eye. Pi'eorbital 

 rather above one diameter of the eye in height. Vertical limb of prcopercle cntu-e, its angle and lower edge 

 orenulated : opercle with a badly marked spine. Teeth — from four to six broad and compressed incisors in the 

 front of the upper jaw and six to eight in the lower, the remainder of the teeth with rounded crowns the 

 largest being in the inner row, about three rows in the lower and foui- in the upper jaw. Fins — dorsal spines 

 of moderate strength alternately broader on one side, the fourth being the highest and equal to a little more 

 than half the length of the head. Pectoral longer than the head : ventral not quite reaching the anal and its 

 spine rather longer than the highest in the dorsal fin : second anal spine sti'ongest, of equal length or a little 

 shorter than the third and equal to the length of the sixth of the dorsal or 1/2 the length of the head : caudal 

 emai'ginate or slightly lobed. Scales — five rows between the eye and the angle of the prcopercle : some small 

 ones over the caudal fin, about 6 j rows between its almost straight lateral-line and the base of the dorsal fin. 

 CoZoMrs— silvery, with golden bands along each row of scales, parallel to the back above the lateral-line and 

 horizontal below it : no dark blotch on the shoulder above the opercle : fins j-ellowish with a tinge of grey 

 along the upper portion of the dorsal and the end of the caudal : a dark band along the middle of the former 

 tin. Eyes golden. 



Ilahito.t. — From the Red Sea through those of India, attaining at least 16 inches in length. They 

 aljound iu Madras about April, when the young ascend the rivers and backwaters. As food it is inferior to the 

 herda. 



6. Chrysophrys hafFara, Plate XXXV, fig. 1. 



Spams Jiaffara, Forsk. p. 33; Gmel. Linn. p. 1276; Bl. Schn. p. 279. 



Chrysophrys haffara, Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 108 ; Riipp. N. W. Fische, p. Ill, t. 29, f. 1 ; Giinther, Catal. i, 

 p. 488; Klunz. Fische d. Roth. Meer. Verb. z. b. Ges. Wien, 1870, p. 760. 



.'' Chrysophrys aries, Temm. and Schleg. Fauna Japon. Poiss. p. 68, pi. 31 ; Bleeker, Verb. Bat. Gen. xxvi, 

 p. 87 ; Giinther, Catal. i, p. 489. 



B. vi, D. ii, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. tV, C. 17, L. 1. 60, L. tr. 6-7/14, Cssc. pyl. 3. 



Length of head 4j to 4^, of caudal 4i to 1/5, height of body 2f in the total length. Eyes — diameter 3|- 

 to 4 J in the length of the head, I3 to 2 diameters from end of snout, and 1 apart. Dorsal profile more convex 

 than that of the abdomen, a prominence over the forepart of the orbit causing the snout to appear somewhat 

 vertical : posterior nostril very elongated. The maxilla reaches to below the first edge of the orbit. Preorbital 

 deep, being 1 diameter of the orbit in height. Prcopercle entire : opercle with a spine. Teeth — six conical and 

 compressed ones iu front of either jaw, sometimes only four in the lower, the remainder of the teeth with 

 rounded crowns the largest being in the inner row, three rows in lower four in upper jaw. Fins — dorsal spines 

 i-ather weak, their breadth on both sides being nearly equal, the fourth the highest and equal to two-fifths of the 

 length of the head. Pectoral longer than the head : ventral reaches the anus, its spine a little longer than the 

 fourth of the dorsal : anal spines comparatively weak, the second a little the strongest and slightly the longest, 

 equal to 2j to 2f iu the length of the head : caudal lobed. Scales — five rows between the eye and the angle of 

 the prcopercle, about 5| rows between its slightly curved lateral-line and the base of the dorsal fin, a very long 

 one at base of ventral fin. Colours — ^silvery, with golden bands along each row of scales as in G. sarha : usually 

 no black mark on the shoulder, tins grey, ventral and anal almost black. 



This species is evidently closely allied to the C. sarba, and I have only obtained it in Sind ; it is however 

 at once recognised by its comparatively short and weak anal spines. 



Habitat. — Red Sea and Sind to (?) China: the lai-gest specimen I obtained in Sind measured 12 inches 

 in length. 



Fourth group — Pimelepterina. 



Cutting teeth in front of the jaws and teeth on the palate. 



Genus, 7 — PiMELEPTERUS (Lacep.) Cm. 

 Kyphosus, (Lacep.) Cuv. 



Branchiosterjals seven: pseudobraiichi(e. I' reopercle as a ride serrated. Villiform teeth in the jaivs, ivith an 

 outer roio of Cidtirifj ones : fine teeth on the vomer, palatines, aiid tonyue. A simjle dorsal with eleven spines, anal 



