FAMILY, II— SQUAMIPINNES. 109 



posterior extremity of the soft anal : tlae last over the base of the caudal : soft dorsal and anal with a dark 

 outer edge and light margin. 



Amongst Sir W. Elliot's drawings is a very good representation of this species marked C. octofasciatus, 

 but with no note as to where it was obtained, Jerdon however remarks (M. J. L. and Sc. I80I, p. 134) that it 

 is rarely met with in Madras, where its Tamil designation is Munja cooU min. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



16. Chsetodon oligacanthus. 



Platax ocellaius, Cuv. and Val. vii, p. 299; Cantor, Catal. p. 170. 



Chcetodon oligacanthus, Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiii, Chseton. p. IG; Gunther, Catal. ii, pp. 34, 51(5; 

 Kner, Novara Fische, p. 102. 



Parachcetodon oligacanthus, Bleeker, Nov. Typi Gen. Pise. neg. 1875, p. 5. 



B. vi, D. ^:hj, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. „^^, C. 17, L. 1. 4G-48. 



Length of head 4/15 to 1/4, of caudal 1/6, height of body 2/3 of the total length. iJ^/es— diameter 4/13 

 of the lencrth of head, 1 diameter from the end of snout and also apart. Both limbs of preopercle serrated, the 

 inferior being most coarsely so. Fins — anterior portions of soft dorsal and anal the highest. Lateral-line — 

 ceases opposite the posterior foui'th of the dorsal fin. Colours — yellowish white, with five vertical brown bands, 

 the anterior four of which have black edges, the ocular one is brown and narrower than the orbit : three more 

 similar bands pass from the back to the abdomen : at the upper part of the last is a dark ocellus at the base of 

 the 8th to 12th dorsal rays inclusive : the fifth band is over the free portion of the tail. The posterior half of 

 the ventrals is sometimes black. 



Habitat. — Seas of India, the Malay Archipelago to the Philippine Islands.* 



Genus, 2 — Chelmo, Cuv. 



Branchiostegals six or seven : psetidobranchim. Body elevated and compressed. Snout produced as a long 

 round tube by the horizontal elongation of the premaxillaries and mandiblesf which are laterally connected by 

 membrane, the gape of the mouth anteriorly being small. Preopercle tuithout any spine, it and the preorbital may be 

 serrated. Teeth on the jaws; none on the palate. One dorsal with from nine to thirteen spines, none being elongated: 

 anal with three. Scales of moderate or small size. 



Geographical distribution. — East coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



SYNOPSIS OP SPECIES. 



1. Chelmo longirostris, D. H-zl. ■^- Ts?t¥. L. 1. 70-75. YeUow, with a black triangular patch from the 

 first dorsal spine to the snout, and extending to the opercle : a round black spot at the posterior angle of the 

 anal fin. East coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



2. Chelmo rostratus, D. -^^-^^, A. -^l^^, L. 1. 47-50. Five orange white-edged cross bands. East coast 

 of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and China. 



1. Chelmo longirostris. 



Chcetodon longirostris, Brouss. Ich. t. 7. 



Chelmon longirostris, Cuv. and Val. vii, p. 89, pi. 175; Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxiii, Chjetod. p. 20. 



Chelmo longirostris, Gunther, Catal. ii, p. 38, and Garrett's Fische d. Sudsee, p. 48. 



D. |i:i|, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. ^l^, C. 18, L. 1. 70-75, L. tr. 11/30. 



Length of head 3/7, of caudal 1/7, height of body 2/5 of the total length. Hyes — diameter 2/15 of the 

 length of head, Ij diameters in the postorbital portion of the head. Angle and lower edge of the preopercle 

 serrated, some fine serratures along the upper edge of the orbit and a few along the lower edge of the preorbital. 

 Fins — dorsal spines strong, the interspinous membrane very deeply emarginate, the fourth spine somewhat the 

 longest, equalling that of the head behind the front nostril, and exceeding the length of the rays, which latter 

 portion of the fin is rounded : pectoral equals two-thirds the height of the body : thii-d anal spine the longest. 

 Colours — yeUow, with a black triangular patch extending from the base of the first dorsal spine to the snout, 

 and its lower edge going through the eye to the opercle. Posterior edge of the dorsal with a black margin : 

 a small round black spot at the posterior angle of the anal fin : caudal gi'ey with a rather wide dark band over 

 its base at and anterior to the commencement of the rays. 



Habitat. — East coast of Africa, seas of India, to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



* ADDENDA. 

 ChiEtodon ? 



D. if, A. ^. 



" I also have a drawing and the dried skin of another species of Chsetodon which I procured at Tcllicherry. It has the ground 

 colour of the body, a sort of lavender colour, line from the tirst dorsal down to the muzzle jellow ; chin, throat and lower part of face, 

 and a line fi-om top of opercle to base of pectoral bright orange, membrane between the dorsal spines yellow, with a blue spot which 

 continues in a line on to the upper portion of the soft dorsal, and also on the anal ; soft dorsal green with a yellowish margin. Anal 

 and ventral yellow. Caudal lavender, the rays purple and margined on the sides with yellow and exteriorly with orange. Lips red. 

 D. 14-26, A. 3-23. length 6 inches."— Jerdon, M. J. L. and S. 1851, p. 134. 



t Due to this tubular elongation of the snout, these fishes are able to employ it as a blow pipe, from which they discharge 

 globules of water at insects flying above them. 



