350 



ACANTHOPTERTGII. 



4. Mugil planiceps. 



Mugil cephalus ? Ham. Bucli. Fish. Ganges, pp. 219, 381. 



Miiifil fliimcefs, Cuv. and Val. xi, p. 122; Bleeker, Beng. en Hind. p. 101 ; Giinther, Catal. iii, p. 428 ; 

 Kuer, Novara Fische, p. 225. 



Mugil cephalotus, Cantor, Catal. p. 95. 



M-urjil Dussumieri, Bleeker, Java, iv, p. 339. 



Bangon, Beng. 



B. vi, D. 4 I I, P. 17, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 17, L. 1. 33-35, L. tr. 11, Csec. pyl. v. 



Length of head 4| to 5, of caudal 5^-, height of body 5^ to 6 in the total length. Eije — with a wide 

 jiosterior adipose lid almost extending to the pupil, and a narrow anterior one, diameter Gi to 7 in 

 the length of the head, \\ diameters from end of snout, and nearly 3 apart. Interorbital space flat, and its width 

 equal to a little more than half the length of the head excluding the snout. Height of head not so 

 long as its postorbital portion, whilst its width equals its length behind the middle of the eyes, or even of its 

 entire length in large specimens. Head flattened superiorly : the depth of the cleft of the mouth equals half 

 the width of its gape. The upper lip forms the end of the snout. The end of the maxiUa is not hidden by the 

 preorbital, which last is bent but not notched, serrated along its lower and posterior borders. Uncovered space 

 <3n chin long, cuneiform above, pointed behind. Teeth — in the upper jaw minute. Fins — dorsal spines strong, 

 the fin commences midway between the front edge of the eye and the base of the caudal fin, its origin 

 corresponds to the tenth scale of the lateral-line, the height of the spines is 2/3 of that of the body, and equal 

 the height of the second dorsal. Pectoral extends to the eighth scale of the lateral-line, its root is in 

 the middle of the depth of the body. The first three anal rays are on the vertical before the second dorsal fin. 

 Caudal emarginate. Scales — 20 rows between the snout and base of first dorsal fin : the tenth and twenty-first 



Stomach and CjECAL Appendages, small Intestine turned upwards. 



scales of the lateral-line correspond to the origin of the first and second dorsal fins : no enlarged axillary one : 

 small ones present on the vertical fins. Cffical appendages five, as shown in the woodcut. Free portion of the 

 tail in its least depth equals 2^ in the length of the head. Colours — greenish-brown superiorly, wdth a dark line 

 along each row of scales. 



Habitat. — Seas, estuaries, and tidal rivers of India to the Malay Archipelago and China. It attains at 

 least a foot-and-a-half in length. It is common in the Hooghly at Calcutta. 



5. Mugil parsia, Plate LXXV, fig. 2. 



Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 215, 380, pi. xvii,f. 71 ; Cuv. and Val. vi, p. 144; (Bleeker, Nat. Tij. Ned. 

 Ind. 1852, p. 166 not Syn.) ; Giinther, Catal. iii, p. 426 ; Day, Fish. Malabar, p. 142. 



Mugil Cantoris, Bleeker, Beng. en Hind. p. 100 ; Giinther, Catal. iii, p. 430 ; (? Kner, Novara Fische, 

 p. 225). 



Tarui, Beng. 



B. vi, D. 4 I I, P. 14, V. 1/5, A. J^, C. 14, L. 1. 34-35, L. tr. 11-12, Cajc. pyl. v. 



Length of head 5 to 5^, of caudal 6, height of body from 4J to 4^ in the total length. Eije — with a 

 well developed posterior adipose lid extending two-thirds of the distance across the iris, diameter of eyes 

 2/7 of length of tbe head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and 1|- apart. Height of the head almost equals 

 its length, its width equals its length behind anterior third of the eye. Upper surface of head slightly 

 convex, snout rather depressed, upper lip thin and placed obliquely, so that only its central portion forms part 

 of the end of the snout. Preorbital bent not notched, serrated, and does not quite conceal the end of the 



