352 ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



8. Mugil Kelaartii, Plato LXXV, fig. 1. 

 Gunther, Catal. iii, p. 429. 

 B. vi, D. 4 I i, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 17, L. 1. 33, L. tr. 10. 



Length of head 5, of caudal 5^, height of body 4^ to 5 in the total length. Eye — with a broad posterior 

 adipose hd nearly reaching the pupil, and a narrow anterior one, diameter of eye 1/4 of length of head, nearly 

 1 diameter from end of snout, and If apart. The width of the head equals its length behind the middle of the 

 eyes, and its height equals its length excluding the snout. luterorbital space convex and its width equals 3/7 

 of the length of the head. Profile from occiput to snout rather convex. Preorbital bent, having a slight notch, 

 serrated iiiferiorly and posteriorly, and leaving the extremity of the bent maxilla visible. Upper lip rather thin, 

 placed obUqucly so that it does not form a portion of the anterior edge of the snout. Mandibles meet at a right 

 angle, are notched at their extremity, and have a knob above the symphysis. The extent of the cleft equals 

 half the width of the gape. Uncovered portion of the chin long, narrow, lanceolate, and constricted on either 

 side about its middle. A shallow groove before the vomer. Teeth — minute in the lower jaw. Fins — first dorsal 

 commences midway between the end of the snout and the base of the caudal, its spines are of moderate strength, 

 equal 3/5 of the length of the head, and are nearly as high as the second dorsal. Length of the base of the 

 second dorssal equals 2/3 of its height. Pectoral inserted above the middle of the depth of the body. Anal has 

 its anterior 1/3 in advance of the origin of the .second dorsal. Caudal emarginate, its central rays as long as 

 the postorbital portion of tlic head. Scales — an elongated pointed one in the axilla : 19 rows of scales between 

 the snout and base of the first dorsal fin, the tenth and twentieth of the lateral-liue correspond to the origins of 

 the first and second dorsal fins : second dorsal, anal, and caudal densely scaled. Free portion of the tail in its 

 least depth corresponds to tlie length of the postorbital portion of the head. Colours — silvery, becoming 

 lighter on the sides and beneath, a darkish spot in the axilla : tips of both dorsals and caudal dark. 



Habitat. — Seas of India, Philippines. The one figured (life-size) is from Madras. 



9. Mugil Jerdoni. 

 Mugil Sundanensis, Day, Fish. Malabar, p. 138 (not Bleeker). 

 B. vi, D. 4 I i, P. 16, V. 1/5, A. A C. 15, L. 1. 31-32, L. tr. 10. 



Length of head 5 to 5i, of caudal 5, height of body 5 in the total length. Eye — with a broad posterior 

 adipose lid almost reaching to the pupil, and a narrow anterior one, diameter 3i in the length of head, 1/2 a 

 diameter from end of snout, and li diameters apart. luterorbital space sliglitly convex, and its width equal to 

 2^ in the length of the head. The height of the head equals its length behind the first tliird of the eye : its 

 width is slightly less. Preorbital strongly bent and serrated, leaving the end of the bent maxilla \'i3ible. 

 Mandibles meet at a somewhat obtuse angle, and are notched, the depth of the cleft of the mouth equals half 

 the extent of its gape : uncovered space at chin narrow, rounded anteriorly, pointed posteriorly. Upper lip of 

 moderate thickness, it forms the end of the snout in the median line. A slight gi-oove in front of vomer. 

 Teeth — distinct in the upper jaw. Fins — first dorsal commences slightly nearer to the snout than it does to the 

 base of the caudal fin, its spines are stout, the longest equals 2/3 of the height of the body below them and are 

 slightly higher than the second dorsal. Pectoral inserted above the middle of the depth of the body, and is as 

 long as the head excluding the snout. The anal is of the same height as the second dorsal, its anterior 1/2 is 

 before the origin of that tin, third anal spine from 3/7 to 2/5 of length of head. Scales — 18 rows between the 

 snout and base of first dorsal fin, the tenth and nineteenth correspond to the origins of the first and second 

 dorsal fins. No elongated axillary scale : second dorsal, anal, and caudal densely scaled. Free portion of the 

 tail in its least depth equals the length of the postorbital portion of the head. Colours — steel blue along the 

 back, becoming silvery white on the sides and below. Cheeks tinged with yellow, a black spot over the centre 

 of the eye. Both dorsals with their extremities rather stained with gray, caudal and pectoral dark edged : a 

 rather indistinct spot of gray in the axil of the pectoral fin, sometimes a diflhised dai-k-bluish spot on opercle : 

 ventrals and anal white. 



I have named this species after the late Dr. Jerdon, who both directly and indirectly assisted in clearing 

 up many disputed facts in the Ichthyology of India. 



This species is near M. Kelaartii, but has a larger eye and a different disposition of its second dorsal and 

 anal fins, &c. M. engeli also appears to closely resemble it, but has an elongated axillary scale, dorsal spines 

 slender. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to at least 6 inches in lenerth. 



10. Mugil Dussumieri, Plate LXXIV, fig. 4. 



Mtigil albula ? Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 218, 380 (not Bonn.) and If. Zfcm, MSS. 



Muyil Dussumieri, Cuv. and Val. xi, p. 147. 



Mugil subviridis, Giinther, Catal. iii, p. 423, (? Cuv. and Val.) 



Mugil nepalensis, Giinther, 1. c. p. 424. 



B. vi, D. 4 I 1, P. 16, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 15, L. 1. 29-31, L. tr. 12. 



Length of head 5 to 5^, of caudal 5^, height of body 4^ to 5 in the total length. Eyes — with a broad 

 posterior and narrow anterior adipose lid, diameter of eye 4 to 4^- in length of head, 3/4 to 1 diameter from end 



