FAMILY, XXXIV— MUGILIDtE. 357 



The foregoing description is (vrifh an exception to be noted) from one of C. and V. types (2| inches in 

 length) in the Paris Museum. I obtained a specimen 4i inches long in Sind, which has a spot at the base ot 

 the pectoral fin, but the presence or absence of such a mark is not invariable in M^igils. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to Java. 



20. Mugil labiosus. 



Cuv. and Val. xi, p. 125 ; Bleeker, Timor, ii, p. 213, and Sumatra, is, p. C ; Glinther, Catal. iii, p. 454 ; 

 Xlunz. Verb. z. b. Ges. Wien, 1870, p. 830. 



B. vi, D. 4 II, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 15, L. 1. 36, L. tr. 11-12. 



LentHh of head 4^ to 5, of caudal oi, height of body 41 in the total length. %es— without adipose lids, 

 diameter l73 of length of head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and l-i- diameters apart. The gi-eatest 

 width of the head equals its length excluding the snout, whilst its height is a little more. Interorbital space 

 flat. Profile from snout to dorsal fin rather steep. Preorbital has a very large and deep notch on its anterior 

 surface, it is as deep as the extremity of the bone is broad ; preorbital smooth except its posterior extremity, 

 which is serrated : extremity of the maxilla visible. Free space below the chin long, narrow, lanceolate, and 

 with a row of glands along eitlier side. Upper lip forming the end of the snout, thick and fringed : 

 lower lip also thick and fringed, except opposite the symphysis where it is deficient, these fi-mges decrease 

 with ao-e On the lower surface of the head is a triangular scalelesa spot, the base formed by the 

 lower iaw, the apex being below the middle of the eyes, teeth— absent. Fins— the first dorsal commences 

 midway between the hind edge of the eye and the base of the caudal fin, it is rather higher than the 

 second dorsal. Second dorsal commences over the middle of the anal fin. Pectoral reaches to the eleventh 

 scale Caudal emarginate. ,S'c«Zes— cycloid, densely covering the vertical fins, the twelfth and twenty-fourth 

 scales of the lateral-line correspond to the origins of the first and second dorsal fins : 22 rows between snout 

 and base of first dorsal. Free portion of the tail in its least depth equals the length of the head behind 

 middle of the eyes. Co/o«rs— dark gray above, becoming dull white on the sides and beneath : a dark 

 black spot at base of pectoral fin. 



The fringes to the lips existing in my small specimen appear to be absent in the adult stage. 



Habitat.— SY>ecimens from 3^- to 4f inches in length were taken at the Andamans. It extends from 

 the Red Sea, through those of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



21. Mugil Borneensis, Plate LXXVI, fig. 1. 



Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Xed. Ind. ii, 1851, p. 201, and Borneo, xiii, p. 55 ; Glinther, Catal. iii, p. 448. 



Mugil adustus, Bleeker, 1. c. 1853, p. 503. 



B. vi, D. 4 I I, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 17, L. 1. 34, L. tr. 11. 



Lenn-th of head 41 to 41, of caudal 5, height of body 4^ to 4a in the total length. i;ye.5— without adipose 

 lids, diameter 3^ to 4 in length of head, 3/4 to 1 diameter fi-om end of snout, and I^ diameters apart. 

 The greatest width of the head equals its length behind the middle of the eye, and its height equals its length 

 excluding the snout. Preorbital scaled, slightly emarginate, serrated interiorly, posteriorly it is ti-uncated and 

 denticulated : extremity of the maxilla visible. Upper lip moderately thick and forms part of the anterior 

 profile : lower lip not notched above the symphysis but with a tubercle. The mandibles join at rather an acute 

 angle, the extent of the cleft is 4/9 that of the gape : the uncovered space below the chm narrow 

 and lanceolate. A groove before the vomer. Tee^/i— fine ones in the upper jaw. Fins— the first dorsal 

 commences midway between the front edge of the eye and the base of the caudal fin, it is not quite so high as 

 the second dorsal, its first spine the strongest, as high as the second and equal to the length of the head behind 

 the middle of the eye. Second dorsal commences over the anterior third of the anal, its height nearly double 

 the length of the base. Anal as high as second dorsal, its base much longer, its first-third is anterior to it : 

 in some of Dr. Bleeker's specimens the first two-thirds of the anal is anterior to the origin of the second dorsal. 

 Pectoral as long as the head excluding the snout. Caudal lunated. Scales— with their exposed portion 

 rounded, 21 rows between snout and first dorsal fin : eleventh and twenty-third of lateral-line correspond to the 

 oritrins of the first and second dorsal fins. A short, scarcely pointed scale in axilla. Second dorsal and anal 

 with fine scales. Free portion of tail equals about haK the length of the head. CoZo-itrs— silvery, both dorsals 

 and caudal with dark outer edges. 



Habitat. — Seas of India, Calcutta to the Malay Archipelago. 



22. Mugil olivaceus. 



B. vi, D. 4 I 1, P. 15, V. 1/5, A. |, C. 17, L. 1. 34, L. tr. 11, CVc. pyl. iv. 



Length of head 5^, of caudal 5, height of body 4f in the total length. Ev/c.9— without adipose lids, 

 diameter 1/4 of length of head, neai-ly 1 diameter from end of snout, and If apart. The gi-eatest width of the 

 head equals its length without the snout, whilst its height is a little less. Preorbital slightly emarginate, 

 truncated posteriorly, and serrated : the end of the maxilla visible. Upper lip moderately thu'k and forming end 

 of snout. Depth of the cleft of the mouth equals half the extent of its gape, lower lip notched, and a tubercle 

 above the symphysis of the lower jaw. Uncovered space below the chin rather narrow and lanceolate. 



