FAilILT, XL— GLYPHIDODONTIDiE. 377 



Family, XL— GLYPHIDODONTID^,* Cantor. 



Scicwioidei, pt, Cuv. ; Labroidd ctenoidei, Miiller; Ctenolabridm, Owen; Pomacentrida:, Giinther. 



Branchiostegals from five to seven : pseudobranchise present. Gills three and a half. Eyes lateral. 

 Body more or less short and compressed. Bones of head variously armed or smooth. Teeth in jaws 

 feeble, palate edentulous : inferior pharyngeal bones coalescing, with or without a median longitudinal 

 suture. Some of the dorsal, anal, and ventral rays unarticulated, forming spines. A single dorsal fin with 

 the spines equal in number to or somewhat less than the rays, very rarely more : the soft anal similar to the 

 soft dorsal, and with two or three spines : ventrals thoracic, with one spine and five rays. Scales ctenoid. 

 Air-vessel present, and destitute of any pneumatic duct. Pyloric appendages few. 



GeograiMcal distribution.— Seas of India and tropical seas. A few extending into estra tropical regions. 



SYNOPSIS OF GENERA. 



1. AmfMprion. Opercles and preorbital serrated or denticulated. Teeth in a single row. Indian Ocean 



and beyond. . . 



2. Premnas. Opercles serrated: preorbital armed with one or two spines, ieetli m a single row. 

 Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. m . • -n-p 



3. Tetradrachmum. Preopercle serrated, and sometimes the preorbital. Teeth m a villiform band. 

 Red Sea, east coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. _ 



4. Pomaceiitrus. Preopercle serrated, and sometimes the preorbital. . Teeth m a single row. Red Sea, 

 east coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



6. Ghjphidodmi. None of the opercles serrated. Teeth in a single row. Red Sea, east coast of Africa, 

 seas of India, to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. , r i ■ , 



6. EeUastes. None of the opercles serrated. Teeth conical. Tropical seas, also found in the 

 Mediterranean. 



Genus, 1 — Amphiprion, Bl. Sclin. 



Comdnus, sp. Gronov. ; ProcMlus, (Klein), Cuv. 



Branchiostegals five : pseudobranchioe. A II the opercles and preorbital are denticulated, the teething on the 

 opercle and snhopercle being almost spinate. Teeth in the jaws in one row, conical and small. Scales^ of moderate 

 or rather small size. Dorsal fin ivith from 9 to 11 spines : anal with two. Lateral-line ceases in a tubular 

 form below the end of the dorsal fin, or is cmitinued lower down in the form of a simple orifice in each scale. 

 Air-vessel piresent. Pyloric appendages few. 



The fishes forming this Genus have as a rule very vivid and decided colouring, vertical bands of a more 

 or less white tint being present in the majority. It appears very probable that some of the species founded on 

 colours, are merely varieties. The caudal fin seems more rounded in the young than in the adults. 



Geographical distribution.— Red Sea, east coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago 

 and western portions of the Pacific. 



SYNOPSIS OP SPECIES. 



1. Amphiprion ephipipium, D. \srJLX^ A. „?t-j, L. 1. 50-5.5, L. tr. 7/18. Dull yellow, with a dark blotch 

 on the side. Andamans to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



2. Amphiprion frenatus, D. \%-_\\, A. -^^-"t^, L. 1. 50-55, L. tr. 7/18. Dull yellow, with a dark blotch on 

 the side and a narrow white band from the nape over the opercles. Andamans to the Malay Archipelago 



and beyond. , • , , i n 



3. Amphiprion Seboi, D. \^ZW, A. ■j^?t3. L. 1. 50-55, L. tr. 6/18. Dark, with two white bands, one from 

 nape over opercles, the second from the middle of dorsal fin down the side, it is also continued along the ujiper 

 third of the soft dorsal. End of free portion of tail and caudal tin yellow. Andamans to the Malay 

 Archipelago and beyond. 



4. Amphiprion Glarldi, D. if, A. W- L. 1. 55, L. tr. 6-7/19. Dark, with three white cross bands : snout, 

 chest, pectoral, and caudal yellow. Ceylon to the Malay Archipelago and beyond. 



* Miiller seijarated .is Fharyngognathi, the families haying the inferior pharyngeal bones combined as in Pormcentridce, 

 Labrido! and Chromides, from the rest of the Acanthopterrgians, a division which does not hold good on a more extended investigation. 

 Thus, Genus Gerres was found to have these bones as in the Pharyugognathi, but Kiier (Wien. Sitz. Iviii, p. 301) has ob=i-rved 

 that Gerres macrosoma is an exception, having them separated, .and Professor Peters has recorded the same tact in G. jjlitimer* 

 and several East Indian species. They are coalesced in some of tlie GoUid(s, not so in others. 



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