FAMILY, III— PLEURONECTID^. 429 



2. Synaptura albomaculata, Plate XCIII, fig. 5. 



Kaup, Wiegm. Arch. 1858, p. 98 : Giintber, Catal. iv, p. 483. 



B. vi, D. 72-74, P. 7-8, V. 4, A. 56-59, C. 16, L. 1. 110-120. 



Length of head 5| to 6, height of body 3j to 3f in the total length. Ei/es—oi moderate size, the upper 

 half in advance of the lower. Height of head 1/3 more than its length. Angle of mouth below the hind third 

 of the eye. Lips on coloured side fringed. Two tubular nostrils on the coloured side. Barlels—a, short one 

 betweeu the two nostrils. F/)ts— pectoral on coloured side 2f in the length of the bead, very small on blind 

 side. /ScaZps— ctenoid on coloured, cycloid on blind side. Lateral-line— single on either side. Cohiirs— body 

 brown on the coloured side, with three to five rows of widely separated white dots. Fins slate-coloured edged 

 with white. 



Habitat.— Sens of India : attaining at least 12 inches in length. The specimen figured, life-size, was 

 from Madras. 



3. Synaptura Orientalis, Plato XCIII, fig. 4, and Plate XCIV, fig. 2. 



FJeuronectes Orientalis, Bl. Schu. p. 1.57 (not Kaup. Wieg, Arch. 1858, p. 99 : or GiJnther, Catal. iv, 

 p. 484.) 



Brachirus Orientalis, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 303. 



Solea foliacea, Richardson, Ich. China, p. 279. 



.'' Solea ovalis, Richard.son, 1. c. 



Solea pan, Bleeker, Nat. Tyd. Ned. Ind. i, p. 410 (not Ham. Bucb.) 



Synaptura 2^ an, Bleeker, Pleur. p. 30 (not H. B.) 



Synaptura foliacea, Giintber, Catal. iv, p. 481, Day, FLsh. Malabar, p. 173. 



Synaptura cinerascens, Giintber, 1. c. p. 482 ; Kner, Novara Fische, p. 291. 



BracUrus Su7idaicus, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. Pleuron. p. 20, t. 236. fig. 4 and t. 239, f. 2. 



Sappatee, Mai. 



B. vi, D. 62-05, P. 7, V. 5, A. 47-50, C. 16, L. 1. 70-85. 



Length of head 5 to 5i, of caudal 8^, height of body 2^ to 2i in the total length. Eyes— the upper one 

 slightly in advance of the lower, and 2/3 to 1 diameter apart. The upper jaw rather overlapping the lower. 

 No dilated nostril on the blind side : nasal tube on coloured side, simple. I'V/^s— the right pectoral longer than 

 the left, and 2| to 3 in the length of the head. Dorsal commences on the snout, its rays are branched at their 

 extremities, it extends 2/3 up the length of the caudal. Ventral not adherent to the anal. Scales— ciewoiA on 

 both sides. Lips on blind side and head with numerous short cutaneous filaments, some are also present on the 

 coloured side of the body and are generally black. Colours— oi a bluish slate colour on the right side, usually 

 with short narrow black vertical bands crossing the lateral line : the body is likewise blotched with darker 

 sometimes as spots, in otlier instances in bands, occasionally some white marks. Vertical fins dai-k, outer half of 

 pectoral black. The scales on the bead and first-third of the length of this fish are usually smaller than those 

 posterior to them along the lateral line and above and below it. 



This fish may be at once distinguished from .S'. pan, because the latter has an enlai'gcd row of scales over 

 the nape. 



I have to thank Professor Peters of Berlin, for permitting me to examine the type specimen of Pleuronedes 

 Orientalis, Bl. Schn. which is this species, it has D. 04, A. 48, L. 1. 85. 



Habitat.— Hind, western coast of India, Andamans, China seas. The specimens figured are from Canara. 

 I have a specimen from Singapore, from whence it was brought by the late Dr. Stoliczka. 



4. Synaptura pan, Plate XCIII, fig. 3. 



Pleuronectes pan. Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 130, 373, pi. 24, f. 42. 



Brachirus pan, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 303; Bleeker, Atl. Ich. Pleur. p. 21, t. 240, f. 1. 



Pleuronectes canus, Gronov. ed. Gray, ja. 91. 



Pleuronectes pian, Bleeker, Beng. en Hind. p. ^Q, and Pleur, p. 30 (not synon). 



Synaptura pan, Giintber, Catal. iv, p. 481. 



B. vi, D. 57-60, P. 7, V. 6, A. 43-45, C. 14, L. 1. 80. 



Length of head 5, height of body 2i in the total length. %es— ujiper slightly in advance of the lower, 

 diameter 6 in leng-th of head, 2 diameters from the end of snout, and scarcely 1 apart. Height of head L4 

 more than its length. The upper jaw slightly overlaps the lower. The maxilla reaches to below the first third 

 of the eye. Two nostrOs, a patent one in front of lower eye, and a tubular one just anterior to it : nostril 

 on blind side concealed. Lower lip slightly fringed on the coloured side. J'7»i.?— the posterior dorsal 

 and most of the anal rays branched. Right pectoral 2\ in the length of the head, and much longer than the 

 left, which consists of six rays. Scales — strongly ctenoid on both sides. The scales from above the eye to the 

 nape and in a wide band crossing the nape are much larger than those on the remainder of the body : vertical 

 fins rather densely scaled. Lateral-line— sivMglit. Colours— of a dull red or muddy brown or gray, with 

 irregular vertical black blotches and bands : right pectoral black. 



