500 PHTSOSTOMI. 



hy longitudinal plaits of shin. Anal short (II to 13 rays) not continuous with the camdal which is forlced. Ventrals 

 situated posterior to the dorsal, and consisting of six rajjs. Air-vessel in two lateral portions, enclosed in lone. 

 Geographical distribution.— Uixev Coic near Aleppo, Upper Assam, and the Jumna. 



SYNOPSIS OF INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. 



1. Euglyptosternum lineatum, A. 13. Brown, with a narrow light line along the middle of the side. 

 Suddya in Upper Assam ; also the river Jumna. 



1. Euglyptosternum lineatum, Plate CXVI, fig. 7. 



D. i/0, P. 1/10, V. 6, A. 12-13 (^-Vu), C. 17. 



Lenc'th of head 41 of caudal .55 to G, height of body 6 to 7 in the total length. ^;/es— small, situated 

 about 2 diameters behind or else in the middle of the length of the head, the width of the mterorbital space I'-i 

 of the leno-th of the head. Head rather flattened, its greatest width equals its length behind the nostrils. 

 Upper iaw'the longer, the width of the gape of the mouth equals half the length of the head. Lips smootli. 

 Occipital process three times as long as wide at its base. Barbels— the nasal nearly reach to the orbit : the 

 maxillary pair are as long as the head, the outer mandibular ones reach the gill-openmg, the inner are shorter. 

 Teeth— ^Wiiorm in the jaws, and in one large patch extending across the palate, and so closely approximating to 

 the premaxUlary teeth that they appear like a single large band. Adliesive apparatus on the thorax distinct. 

 Fi>is-the dorsal as high as the body, its spine strong, entire, and about half the length of the head : adipose 

 dorsal of moderate height, the length of its base equalling that of the rayed fin, or half the interspace between 

 the two fins. Pectoral spine very strong, smooth externally, denticulated internally with about 9 or 10 teeth, 

 and reachino- two-thirds of the cHstance to the base of the ventral. Caudal deeply forked. Skm smooth. 

 Caudal pedu7,r.le—t^ice as long as high. Colo7irs—hvovm, with a narrow light band along the side. _ 



Habitat.— The specimen figured (Ufe-size) was from the Jumna, I have procured it 12-o inches m length 

 near Suddya in Upper Assam. 



Genus, 29 — Pseudecheneis, Blyth. 



Gill-openings small, not extending on to the lower surface of the head, the gilUnemhranes being attached to a 

 very broad isthmus. Body someiuhat elongate : head rather depressed. An adhesive apparatus formed of transverse 

 folds of slcin situated on the thorax between the bases of the pectoral fins. Eyes small, mbcidaneous, on the upper 

 surface of the head. Mouth transverse, small, inferior. Nostrils on either side approximating, being divided by a 

 barbel Barbels eight, the maxillary pair with broad bases. Teeth villiform m the jaws, -palate edentulous. Dorsal 

 fin with one spine ami six rays : the adipose of moderate eoient. Pectoral with its inner third veHical, its hwer ttoo- 

 thirds horizontal, its spine feebly serrated. Ventral horizontal, having six rays, and situated below the dorsal. 

 Caudal emarginate. Air-vessel in rounded lateral poHions enclosed in bone. 



This Genus is evidently formed for an existence in rapids. 



SYNOPSIS OF INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. 

 1. Pseudecheneis sulcatus, A. 11-13. Black, blotched with yellow, fins with black bands. Darjeeling and 

 Khasya hills. 



1. Pseudecheneis sulcatus, Plate CXVI, fig. 1. 



Glyptostemum sulcatus, McClelland, Cal. Journ. Nat. Hist, ii, p. 587, pi. vi ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 58. 

 Pseudecheneis sulcatus, Blyth, Proc. Asi. Soc. of Beng. 18G0, p. 134 ; Gunther, Catal. v, p. 2b-t. 



D. i/O, P. 1/13, V. 6, A. 11-13 (f;A), C. 17. 



Leno-th of head 7^, of caudal G, height of body G in the total length. Eyes— smaX\, situated midway 

 between the hind edge of the opercle and the nostrils : the width of the interorbital space equals 3J m the 

 leno-th of the head. '^Lower surface of the head with numerous papilla;, especially near the symphysis. The 

 wicfth of the head equals its length. Barbels— ih& maxillary pair with very broad bases, and about 1/3 of the 

 lenoth of the head. F/ws— spine of anterior dorsal broad, weak, and with a soft tennination, it is crenulated 

 posteriorly • length of the base of the adipose dorsal as long as that of the interspace between the two tins. 

 Pectoral laro-e and extending to above the base or fia-st third of the ventral, its spine is broad, finely ciliated 

 externally in its lower 1/2, crenulated internally, especially in its posterior soft termmation. In some specimens 

 the under surface of the pectoral spine and first ventral ray are striated. Caudal emarginate, lower lobe the 

 lono-er The thoracic sucker has about 14 transverse folds. The free portion of the tail about three times as 

 lon| as deep at its base. OoZoitrs— blackish, with some large, irregular, yellowish blotches. Fms yellow, with 



black bands. _ ^ . , . , ^^i mi • c 1 



Eabitat.—'Qa.r\Qe]Lng and Khasya hills, attaining 7 to 8 inches in length. The specimen figured was 



from Darjeeling. 



