516 PHYSOSTOMI. 



Klunzino-er observes that E. marginatus. Forsk., has D. 13, A. 12, length of head 3, beak 5 in the total 

 length : and fin°e deciduous scales on the dorsal and anal fins and is the same as Russell's figure. 

 Eahitat— Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



8. Hemirhamphus far, Plate CXX, fig. 3. 



Esoxfar, Forsk. Descrip. Anim. No. 98. 



Esox marnitiatus, \iir. Bl Sc\m. \i. S9'3. .„,.., ,^^. .en -m i 



Eemirhamphus far, Riipp. N. W. Fische, p. 74 ; Peters, Monats. Berlin Acad. 185o, p. 428 ; Bleeker, eu 

 Pise. p. 157, Revis. Hemir. p. 146, and Atl. Ich. vi, p. 54; Klunz. Verb. z. b. Ges. Wien, 18/1, p- 582. 



Eemlrhamplms Gommersonii, Cnv. Reg. Anim. ; Cuv. and Val. xix, p. 28 ; Bleeker, &noek, p. 17, and Atl. 

 Ich. Scomb. t. vi, fig. 3; Giinther, Catal. vi, p. 271. 



B. xii-xiv, D. 13-14, P. 12, V. 6, A. 10-12, C. 15, L. 1. 50-64, Vert. 38/16. 



Length of head 2f to 3, of beak 5 to 5*, of caudal 5^ to 6, height of body 8i to 12 in the total length 

 J?»e.5— diameter l\ in the postorbital length of the head, and 1 apart. Greatest width of body 1/2 to 2/3 ot 

 its heio-lit Trian'o-ular portion of upper jaw much wider than long. Tee^/t— small, tricuspidate. J'mis— dorsal 

 commences considerably in advance of the anal. Pectoral reaches the front edge of the eye. Ventral inserted 

 in the last third of the distance between the middle of the eye and the base of the caudal fin. Anal about 1// 

 as lono- as dorsal. Caudal deeply forked, lower lobe the longer, central rays equal to about 1 diameter ot the 

 eye. 'Scales—a. few on the front portion of the dorsal and anal fins. CoZoiU's— back dark bluish-green : a silvery 

 lateral band, and four dark blotches or spots along the sides. Air-vessel~ce\\\ilar. . , . , , 



Eabitat.—B.ed Sea and East coast of Africa, through the seas of India to the l^Ialay Archipelago and 

 beyond. The specimen figui-ed was from Madras. It is said to attain 15 inches m length. 



9. Hemirhamphus limbatus, Plate CXIX, fig. 3. 



Esox angulatus. Ham. Buch. MSS. c. fig. 

 ' Eemirhamphus limbatus, Cuv. and Val. xix, p. 44; Giinther, Catal. vi, p. 272. 

 Eemirhamphus hrachynupterus, Blyth, P. A. S. of Beng. 1858, p. 288 (not Bleeker). 



Gowjaturi, Ooriah. 



B. X, D. 13-14, P. 10, V. 6, A. 13-15, C. 14, L. r. 50-.V2. 



Loncrth of head 3i to 3i, of beak 6i to 6^, of caudal 7, height of body 9 to 10 in the total length. 

 Eves— ddameter U to If in the postorbital portion of the head, nearly 1 diameter apart. Preorbital 3/4 as long 

 as the eye and longer than high. Width of body 2/3 of its height. The height of the body equals its 

 leno-th behind the middle of the eyes, and its width equals its postorbital length. Upper jaw short, 1/2 wider at 

 itslDase than it is 'long, and keeled along the mesial line. Teei/c- minute, in many rows m both jaws and 

 tricnsiiidate Fins— dorsal commences very slightly in advance of the anal, both fins having then- outer edges 

 concave Pectoral reaches forward to the front edge of the eyes. Ventral inserted about midway between the 

 eve (sometimes rather nearer the caudal) and base of caudal. Base of anal slightly shorter than that ot the 

 dorsal Caudal lobed, the lower the longer, the central rays equalling l^ diameters of the orbit in length. 

 Hcales—5 rows between the base of the dorsal and the lateral-line. None on dorsal or anal fins, unless a tew 

 fine ones over their first portions. Cohmrs-a brilliant silvery lateral band, which posteriorly becomes as broad 

 as one scale. Dorsal, anal, and extremity of caudal sometimes stained blackish. 



The foreo-oing is identical with the specimen of E. b'mhatus, Cuv. and Val. (6 inches long) brought from 

 Pondicheri-y by M. Leschenault, and still in the Museum at the Jardiudes Plantes at Pans. Cantor's specimens 

 of E tridentifer are skins* in a very bad state, and probably E. Qamaidi, C. V. 



Bahltat.—lhm is by far the most common species ofi' the Coromaudel coast of India, and extends to 

 Burma : it is also found, but more rarely, on the Malabar coast. It ascends tidal rivers, and may be captured 

 in fresh waters. 



10. Hemirhamphus Buffonis, Plate CXIX, fig. 4. 



Cuv. and Val. xix, p. 48; Bleeker, Nat. Tyds. Ned. lud. iii, p. 711 ; Giinther, Catal. vi, p. 273. 

 i/em-tV;(ami)7ms .sirijtt, Blyth, Pro. Asiatic Soc. of Beng. 1858, p. 288, (not C. V.) ■• „ , 



Zenarchopterus Rnffoni, Bleeker, Revis. Hemir. p. 162, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 62, and Scomb. t. vii, t. 4. 

 Eemirhamphus cirrhatus. Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 709. 

 Koo-door-rock-o-dah, Andamanese. 

 B. xi, D. 14, P. 10, V. 6, A. 10-12, C. 13, L. r. 42. 



Leno-th of head 2i to 2i-, of caudal 9, of beak 3'- to 3.V, height of body 8|- to 9 in the total length. 

 Eyes— dia,metev 1^ in the postorbital extent of the head, U apart. Upper jaw 1/4 wider at its base than it is 



* Cantor's types (.skins) arc as follows:— No. 1, Length to base of tall 48 inches, of base of dorsal fiu OH iuches, of biise of 

 anal 0-5\ inches, beuk Gi hi the total length. x\o, 2, 5-S inches to base of tail, of base of dorsal tin 0-7} inches, beak 0\ m the total 



""^ '' Glinther's specimen in spirit is 5-8 inches to base of tail, of base of dorsal fiu O'T^, of base of anal 0-7 iuclics. 



