FAMILY, V— CYPRINID^. 535 



Geographical distribution. — Tropical Africa, Syria, throughout the fresh-waters of India, Ceylon, and 

 Burma, to the Malay Archipelago, &c. 



SYNOPSIS OP SPECIES. 



1. Labeo nandina, D. 24-26, L. 1. 42-44, L. tr. 6-7/8, 4 barbels. Bengal, Assam, and Burma. 



2. Labeo fimbriatiis, D. 19-22, L. 1. 44-47, L. tr. 9-10/8-9, 4 barbels. Sind, Punjab, Deccan, probably 

 N. E. Bengal, Orissa, and Soutliern India. 



3. Labeo nigrescens, D. 17-18, L. 1. 36, L. tr. 6/7, 4 barbels. Nearly black. Canara. 



4. Laheo calbasu, D. 16-18, L. 1. 40-44, L. tr. 7^/8, 4 barbels. Slate colour. Throughout India and 

 Burma. 



5. Labeo Stoliczkce, D. 17, L. 1. 46-47, 2 maxUlary barbels. Dark gray. Burma. 



6. Labeo gonius, D. 16-18, L. 1. 74-84, L. tr. 16/17, 4 barbels. Sind, Orissa, Bengal, N. W. Provinces, 

 Assam, and Burma. 



7. Labeo Dussumieri, D. 15-16, L. 1. 53-55, L. tr. 8-9/9, 4 barbels. Western coast of India and Ceylon. 



8. Labeo rohita, D. 15-16, L. 1. 40-42, L. tr. 6s/9, 4 barbels. Sind, Cutch, India (except Madras), Assam, 

 and Burma. 



9. Labeo porcellus, D. 15-16, L. 1. 39, L. tr. 7/8, 4 barbels. Bombay and Poona. 



10. Labeo potail, 14, L. 1. 39-40, Deccan, L. tr. 8/7. A pair of maxillary barbels. Deccan. 



11. Labeo kontiiis, D. 15-16, L. 1. 38-41, L. tr. 7/8, 4 barbels. Southern India. 



12. Labeo cferuleus, D. 14, L. 1. 40, L. tr. 6/11, 2 barbels. Sind. 



13. Labeo diplostomus, D. 13, L. 1. 41-44, L. tr. 8/9. Mouth wide. Two barbels. Sind hills, Himalayas 

 to Assam. 



14. Labeo dyocJieilus, D. 13, L. 1. 43, L. tr. 8^/7^, 2 barbels. Sind, Himalayas, Assam. 



15. Labeo pangusia, D. 13, L. 1. 40-42, L. tr. 7i/8, 2 barbels. Sind, Himalayas, N. W. Provinces, Deccan, 

 Cachar, and Assam. 



16. Laheo angra, D. 12-13, L. 1. 42, L. tr. 7/8, 2 or 4 barbels. Orissa, Bengal, Assam. 



17. Labeo bata, D. 11-12, L. I. 37-40, L. tr. 7/7, 2 barbels. Bengal, Assam, Orissa. 



18. Labeo dero, D. 12-13, L. 1. 42, L. tr. 7/7, 2 barbels. Bengal, Assam, Orissa. 



19. Labeo boggut, D. 12, L. 1. 60, L. tr. 12-14. One pair of maxillary barbels. Bengal, the Deccan, 

 Punjab, and Central India. 



20. Labeo boga, D. 11-12, L. 1. 37-39, L. tr. 7/7. One pair of small maxillary barbels. Silvery. Rivers 

 of Gangetic Provinces, Madras, and Burma. 



21. Labeo nukta, D. 11, L. 1. 38, L. tr. 8/9. One pair of maxillary barbels : a deep groove across snout. 

 Deccan. 



22. Labeo nigripinnis, D. 11, L. 1. 40-42, L. tr, 8/8, 2 barbels. Sind. 



23. Labeo Sindensis, D. 12-13. L. 1. 43, L. tr. 8/9, 2 barbels. Deccan, Sind, Punjab. 



24. Labeo ariza, D. 11, L. 1. 38, L. tr. 7/8, 2 barbels. Cauvery river in Madras. 



25. Labeo Jcawrus, D. 11, L. 1. 38, L. tr. 6/6, 2 barbels. Deccan. 



1. Labeo nandina, Plate CXXVI, fig. 1 and 2 (variety macro not us.') 



Cyprinus naiidina, Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 300, 388, pi. 8, f. 84. 



Cirrhinus nandina and macronotus, McCIell. Ind. Cyp. pp. 265, 269, 318, 319, pi. 41, f. 1. 



Rohita nandina, Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 244, pi. 473. 



Labeo nandina and macronotus, Giinther, Catal. vii, pp. 51, 52. 



Nandin, Beng. : Nga-ohn-don, Nga-ne-pyah, and Nga-yin-pounsa, Burmese. 



B. iii, D. 24-26 (rilfj, P. 15, V. 9, A. 7 (|), C. 19, L. 1. 42-44, L. tr. 6-7/8. 



Length of head 4j to 5, of caudal 4t to 4j, height of body 4 in the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 4i to 5 in length of head, 1 j diameters from end of snout, and 2j apart. Dorsal profile rather concave above 

 the eyes : interorbital space flat. The greatest width of the head equals its length behind the angle of the 

 mouth : the width of the mouth 1/3 of the length of the head. Snout obtuse, slightly projecting beyond the 

 jaws, no lateral lobe : a few fine pores on snout. Lips tliick and fringed, with a distinct inner fold above and 

 below. Gill-rakers close together, about 1/3 as long as the eye. Barbels — four, and short. Fins — the dorsal 

 commences midway between the snout and end of the base of the anal fin : its upper edge is somewhat convex. 

 Ventral inserted below the ninth dorsal ray. Caudal deeply forked. Lateral-line — 5 rows of scales between it 

 and base of ventral fin. Colours — dark greenish above, becoming lighter on the sides and beneath : a few cloudy 

 blotches along the sides : the centre of many of the scales reddish. 



Variety Labeo macronotus, fig. 2. The eye in this form is about 2 diameters from the end of snout, and 

 3 apart. The gill-rakers are likewise a little shorter and more widely placed. The number of dorsal rays 

 appears to equally vary in both varieties. 



Habitat. — Bengal, Assam, and Burma. The specimen of L. naiidina, figured, was from Gowhatty in 

 Assam : the one of L. macronotus was from Moulmein in Burma. 1 have obtained it as high up the Iri'awaddy 

 as Mandalay. 



