FAMILY, V— CYPRINID^. 541 



Hardwicke's figure there is a depression across tlie snout.) Mouth wide, equalling 1/2 to 2/5 the length of the 

 head, it is directed downwards when the upper jaw is protruded. Lips of two jaws continuous, the fold across 

 the lower jaw is interrupted. A horny inner covering to both lips. Pores on snout. Gill-rakers short. 

 Barbels — one pair of short maxillary ones. Teeth — pharyngeal, plough-shaped, 6, 4, 3/3, 4, 5. Fins — dorsal 

 commences midway between the end of the snout and the posterior end of the base of the anal fin, its upper 

 margin concave, especially in the adult. Pectoral reaches the ventral, and the latter the base of the anal. 

 Caudal deeply forked, its inner rays equalling about 1/3 of the length of the outer ones. Lateral-line — 5 rows 

 of scales between it and the base of the ventral fin. Colours — of a dull green, darkest above : fins darkest in 

 the centre. 



I have Sind specimens in which there exists a depression across the snout. 



Habitat. — Sind hills and along the Himalayas to Sikkim and Assam. It is common in Assam. It 

 attains at least 3 feet in length. 



15. Labeo pangusia, Plate CXXXI, fig. I. 



Cyprinus pangusia, Ham. Buch. Fishes of Ganges, pp. 285, 386; Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 429. 



Gobio pangusia, McClell. Ind. Gyp. pp. 270, 362, pi. 42, f. 1 (from H. B.'s MSS.) 



Labeo pangusia, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 58. 



Loannee, Beng. 



B. iii, D. 13 (yV). P- 15, V. 9, A. 7 (|), C. 19, L. 1. 40-42, L. tr. 7^8. 



Length of head 5f to 6, of caudal 41 to 5, height of body 4i in the total length. Eyes — diameter 4| to 

 5^ in the length of the head, and in or rather behind the middle of the length of the head. Dorsal profile more 

 convex than that of the abdomen : bodj' rather compressed. The greatest width of the head equals 2/3 of its 

 length. Mouth narrow, its width equal to 3J in the length of the head. Snout obtuse, projecting over the 

 jaws and having a very distinct lateral lobe. Lips not fringed, but thick, with a distinct inner fold which is 

 not continued across the lower jaw. Snout covered with large pores. A cartilaginous covering to inner sui-face 

 of both lips. Gill-rakers short and closely set. Barbels — a short maxillaiy pair, concealed in the labial fold. 

 Teeth — pharyngeal, plough-shaped, 5, 4, 3/3, 4, 5. Fins — dorsal commences nearer the snout than the base of 

 the caudal, it is nearly or quite as high as the body, and in the adult its upper edge is concave. Pectoral does 

 not quite reach the ventral, nor the latter the anal. Caudal deeply forked. Lateral-line — 5 3 to 6 rows of 

 scales between it and the base of the ventral fin. Colours — of a dull green, becoming lighter on the sides and 

 beneath, sometimes the base of each scale has a dark mai-k. 



There is a variety of this fish at Seharanpore witli a much higher body. 



Habitat. — Himalayan range and generally through Sind, the Deccan, N. W. Provinces, to Bengal, Cachar 

 and Assam. I have obtained it in the Himalayas at Kangra, and as high in Assam as Suddya. 



16. Labeo angra, Plate CXXVIII, fig. 2. 



Cyprimis angra. Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 331, 391. 



.'' Cyprinus morala, pausius and musiha. Ham. Buch. 1. c. pi. 18, f. 91, and pp. 332, 392; Cuv. and Val. 

 xvi, p. 439. 



Cyprimos (Bangana) Hamiltonii, Gray and Hard. 111. Ind. Zool. (from H. B.'s MSS.) 



.'' Crobio angra, Cuv, and Val. xvi, p. 319 (not McClelland). 



Gobio boga, Bleeker, Beng. en Hind. p. 134. 



Labeo morala, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 56. 



Nga-loo, Bui-mese; (Khdrsd, Hind, at Pumiah ; Mochlma on the Mahanunda, H. B.'s MSS.) 



B. iii, D. 12-13 C'iJj'), P. 16, V. 9, A. 7 (f), C. 19, L. 1. 42, L. tr. 7/8. 



Length of head 5f , of caudal 4J, height of body 5^ in the total length. Eyes — diameter 3|- to 4^ in the 

 length of the head, Ij to If diameters from the end of the snout, and 2 to 2i apart. Dorsal profile a little 

 more convex than that of the abdomen. Snout overhanging the jaws, having a distinct lateral lobe on either 

 side, and studded with pores. Mouth rather narrow, the lips continuous and with a deep groove across the 

 chin : both lips fimbriated. Barbels — no rostral, but a short maxillary pair. Fins — dorsal as high as the body, 

 arising rather nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, its upper edge concave. Pectoral nearly as long 

 as the head. Ventral inserted beneath the first third of the dorsal. Caudal deeply forked. Lateral-line — 

 5^ rows of scales between it and the base of the venti'al fin. Colours — brownish along the back, with a black 

 or bluish stripe passing from the eyes to the base of the caudal fin, where it ends in a black blotch. In 

 Burmese examples the black lateral band is wanting, but the blotch at the side of the tail is present, and some 

 have a second blotch at the commencement of the lateral-line. Instead of a maxillary barbel there exists 

 a fleshy flap inside the groove. 



Gobio angra, McClelland (pp. 277, 354) is said to have D. 10, L. 1. 35, L. tr. 14 to base of ventral fin ; 

 the specimen, from which his description was drawn up, was apparently Cirrhina reha, which frequently in 

 Assam has a dark line along the body and is termed Lasseem, which McClelland observes was the name of his 

 fish. 



Hamilton Buchanan divided G. morala from C. angra, as in the latter the eyes are red, the minute first 



