FAMILY, V— CTPRINID^. 557 



Oeographical distribution. — Europe, and throughout Asia and Africa. Representatives of this genus exist 

 in most, if not all, Indian and Burmese rivers and tanks, the larger species being generally termed Mahseers. 

 Some attain an enormous size as 90 lb. and upwards, these are more residents in rivers along the bases of 

 hills or large rapids, but a few have even a more extended range. The number of species appears to diminish 

 as the Malay Archipelago is approached, whilst those forms having 4 barbels and also with an osseous and 

 serrated dorsal ray largely increase in proportion to the others. 



SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES. 



A. — With four harliels, (Barlodes.) 

 a. Last undivided dorsal rat/, osseous and serrated. 



1. Barhus cliagunio, D. 3/8, A. 3/5, L. 1. 4J)-47. Pores on snout and head. Colours uniform. Orissa, 

 Bengal and N.W. Provinces, and Assam. 



2. Barhus clavatus, D. 3/8, A. 3/5, L. 1. 42. Pores on snout. Colours uniform. Sikhim. 



3. Barhus sarana, T). 3-4/8, A. 3/5, L. 1. 32-34. Colours uniform : in Burma the caudal has a dark 

 inner edge. Sind, India, Ceylon and Burma. 



4. Barhus chrysopoma, D. 4/8, A. 3/5, L. 1. 28-30. A dark lateral blotch. Coasts of India, Deccan, 

 Madras, and Darjeeling. 



5. Barhus pinnauratiis, D. 3/8, A. 3/5, L. 1. 27-29. A black lateral blotch, fins orange. Bombay, 

 Canara, and down the Malabar Coast to Ceylon, Southern India, and up the Coromandel Coast at least as high 

 as Coconada. 



6. Barhus pleurotcenia, D. 3/8, A. 2/6, L. 1. 28. A black band from eye to middle of tail. Ceylon. 



7. Barhus goniosoma, D. 3/8, A. 2/5, L. 1. 24. Sei-rated dorsal ray weak. Colours uniform. Mergui, to 

 Sumatra. 



8. Barhus roseipinnis, D. 3/8, A. 2/5, L. I. 22. Caudal, anal, and ventrals red. Pondicherry. 



h. Bast imdivided dorsal ray, osseous and entire. 



9. Barhus duhius, D. 4/9, A. 2/5, L. 1. 42. No pores on snout. 5 rows of scales between 1. 1. and base 

 of ventral fin. Dorsal spine strong, nearly as long as head. Bowany river in Madras. 



10. Barhus micropogon, D. 4/9, A. 2-3/5, L. 1. 39-41. Dorsal spine strong, a little longer than the head, 

 3 rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of venti-al fin. Mysore, Bowany river in Madras, and Western Coast. 



11. Barhus chilinoides, D. 3/7-8, A. 2/5, L. 1. 32-35. Lower lip with a continuous transverse fold. Dorsal 

 spine strong. 3 rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of ventral fin. Ganges, Himalayas and Assam. 



12. Barhus Carnaticus, D. 4/8, A. 2/5, L. 1. 30-32. Lower labial fold interrupted. Dorsal spine strong. 

 3^ rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of ventral fin. Bowany river in Madras, and Western Coast. 



13. Barhus hexagonolepis, D. 3/9, A. 2/5, L. 1. 28-31. Lower labial fold interrupted. Dorsal spine 

 strong, as long as the head excluding the snout. 2 to 2^ rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of ventral fin. 

 Assam. 



14. Barhus Dukai, D. 4/9, A. 2/5, L. 1. 28-29. Lower labial fold interrupted. Large pores on cheeks. 

 Dorsal spine strong, as long as head excluding the snout. 2| rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of ventral 

 fin. Darjeeling. 



15. Barhus tor, D. 3/9, A. 2/5, L. 1. 25-27. Dorsal spine strong, as long as the head excluding the 

 snout. Upper jaw the longer, lips lobed. 2^ z-ows of scales between 1. 1. and base of ventral fin. Rapids 

 throughout India. 



1(3. Barhus hexastiehus, D. 3-4/9, A. 2/5-6, L. 1. 25-26. Dorsal spine strong. 2^ rows of scales between 

 1. 1. and base of ventral fin. Himalayas, River Jumna, and perhaps Ceylon. 



17. Barhus Bovanicus, D. 3/9, A. 3/5, L. 1. 24-26. Lower labial fold entire. Dorsal spine of moderate 

 strength and as long as the head excluding the snout. 2^ rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of ventral fin. 

 Bowany river in Madras. 



18. Barhus sophore, D. 3/9, A. 2/5, L. 1. 25. Dorsal spine weak, 2j rows of scales between 1. 1. and base 

 of ventral fin. Assam and Khasia hills. 



19. Barhus Stracheyi, D. 2/9, A. 2/5, L. 1. 23. Dorsal spine strong. 2j rows of scales between 1. 1. and 

 base of ventral fin. Tenasserim and Burma. 



c. Last undivided dorsal ray articulated, or if osseous very weak.* 



20. Barhus curmuca, D. 3/9, A. 3/5, L. 1. 41. 3J rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of the ventral fin. 

 Western ghauts of India. 



21. Barhus lithopidos, D. 3/9, A. 3/5, L. 1. 38-39. 4 rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of the ventral 

 fin. Of a slate-colour. South Canara. 



22. Barhus Thomassi, D. 3-4/9, A. 3/5. L. 1. 31-34. 2i rows of scales between 1. 1. and base of the 

 ventral fin. Each scale with a red mark : dorsal and caudal fins lake colour. South Canara. 



23. Barhus spinulosus, D. 3/9, A. 3/7. Sikhim. 



* I have included those species in which the last undivided ray is not enlarged, but some of which have its lower portion more 

 or less osseous in the adult stage. 



