FAMILY, V— CTPRINID^. 683 



Barbels four, the rostral shorter than the maxillaiij pair : pharytigeal teeth crooked, pointed, 5/5. Dorsal fin without 

 osseous ray, and xvith feiu branched ones, it is inserted posterior to the ventral, but does not extend to over the anal, the 

 latter having but few or a moderate number of branched rays : scales of moderate size. Lateral-line, when present, 

 passing to the lower half of the base of the caudal fin. Gill-rahers short. 



Geographical distribution. — Continent of India, Ceylon, Burma, and the Kicobars. 



SYNOPSIS OF INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. 



1. Nuria danrica, D. 2/C, A. 3/5, L. 1. 30-34. Lateral-line present or absent. A black lateral band. 

 India, Ceylon, Burma, and Nicobars. 



1. Nuria danrica, Plate CXLV, fig. 7 (var. Malaha/rica) and fig. 8 (var. alta). 



Cyprinus danrica, sutiha, and jogia. Ham. Buch. Fisb. Ganges, pp. 325, 327, 390, 391, pi. 16, f. 88; Cuv. 

 and Val. xvi, pp. 404, 405, 408. 



Perilaiyipus recurvirostris, macrourus, and therniophilus, McClell. Ind. Cyp. pp. 290, 291, 398, 399, pi. 46, 

 f. 2 (from H. B.'s MS.) and 8. 



Nuria thermoieos and thermophilos, Cuv. and Val. xvi, pp. 238, 240 ; Bleaker, Beng. p. 62. 



Esomus vittatus, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 285. 



Leuciscus barbatus, Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1849, p. 322. 



Nuria da/nrica, Bleeker, Beng. en Hind. pp. 62, 130 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 200 ; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 1869, p. 558. 



Nuria alta, Blytb, J. A. S. of B. 1860, p. 162. 



Esomus danrica, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. Cypr. p. 32. 



Esomus thermoieos, Kner, Novara Fische, p. 363. 



Esmniis Malabaricus and Madraspatensis, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, pp. 299, 300. 



Danrica and Jongja, Beng. : Kurriah dahwiee, Hind. : Soomarah, Hind. (N. W. P.) : Chid-diil-lu, Punj. : 

 Mola and Mah-wa, N. W. Provinces : Nga-zin-byoon, Burmese. 



B. iii, D. 8 (I), P. 15, V. 9, A. 8 (f), L. I. 30-34, L. tr. 5-6/3. 



Length of bead h\ to 5|, of caudal 5 to 5|, height of body 5s in the total length. Eyes — diameter 3j 

 to 2>^ in the leng-th of head, 1 diameter from end of snout and apart. Barbels — the rostral not so long as the 

 head, the maxillary ones extend to the base of the ventral or even to that of the caudal fin. Fins — the dorsal 

 commences nearer the base of the caudal than the head : pectoral varies with age, being generally 

 proportionately longer in the immature : sometimes the anal fin is higher than the dorsal, especially in the 

 immature. Lateral-line — usually present, entire : 2 rows of scales between it and the base of the ventral : 18 

 before the dorsal fin. Colours — a broad black lateral band, sometimes absent. 



Variety Nuria alta, Blyth, Plate cslv, fig. 8, is a Burmese form, which differs in the height of its body, 

 being 4-5- (instead of 5-|-) in the total length, and its anal fin being a little lower. 



Variety Nuria Malabarica, Day, Plate cxlv, fig. 7, is a form found along the coasts of India, Burma, 

 and the Nicobars. It is distinguished by the entire absence of the lateral-line, but is otherwise exactly similai- 

 to the type. 



Euhitat. — India, Ceylon, Burma and the Nicobars. Dr. Cumberland found it in a hot stream of 112° 

 Fahr. at Pooree, M. Regnaud in a hot stream at Cannia in Ceylon : it attains 5 inches in length. 



Genus, 18 — R.iSBOEA, Bleeker. 

 Leuciscus, sp. Cuv. and Val. : Megarasbora, Giinther. 



Abdomen rounded. Pseudobranchice present. Cleft of mouth oblique, lower jaiv slightly prominent, having 

 one central and on either side a lateral prominence, fitting into corresponding emarginations in the upper jaw. 

 Barbels two (rostral), or none. Eyes with free lids. Pharyngeal teeth 5, 3 or 4, 2/2, 3 or 4, 6. Dorsal fin without any 

 osseous ray and few branched ones, inserted posterior to the origin of the ventral but not e.vtending to above the anal, 

 which latter is slwrt. Scales large, or of moderate size. Lateral-line concave, continued to the middle or lower half 

 of the caudal fin. Gill-rakers short and lanceolate. 



Geographical distribution. — Africa, India, Ceylon, Burma, to the Malay Archipelago. 



SYNOPSIS OP SPECIES. 



A. Barbels present (Megarasbora) . 



1. Basbora elanga, D. 2/7, A. 2/5, L. 1. 40-44. Bengal, Assam and Burma. 



B. Barbels absent (Bashora). 



2. Basbora danieonius, D. 2/7, A. 2-3/5, L. 1. 30-34. Mostly a black lateral stripe. Continent of India. 

 Ceylon and Zanzibar. 



3. Basbora Buchanani, D. 2/7, A. 2/5, L. 1. 26-29. Caudal black edged. From Mysore throughout 

 India, Assam and Burma. 



