592 PHTSOSTOMI. 



ray : caudal forked, lower lobe slightly the longer. Lateral-line — 2 rows of scales between it and the base 

 of the ventral fin. Gill-rakers rudimentary. Colours — grayish, becoming white on the abdomen. A row of 

 large bluish spots along the side. Dorsal, anal, and pectoral fins margined with white, and having dark gray 

 bases. Caudal gray in the centre. 



This species is very closely allied to B. Canarensis, of which it may be merely a local variety. It 

 forms the type of genus Pteropsarlon, Giinther, excluded from Barilius on account of its possessing more than 

 9 branched dorsal rays* and suborbitals entirely covering the cheeks (which they do not quite effect). As 

 B. gatensis, with an equally broad suborbital ring, has 8 branched dorsal rays, I cannot consider such a 

 subdivision of the genus as natural or desirable. 



Habitat. — Hill ranges of Travancore, whence I received several specimens collected by the Rev. H. 

 Baker. It attains G inches in length. 



8. Barilius gatensis, Plate CXLIX, fig. 2. 



Leuciscus gatensis, Cuv. and Val. svii, p. 309, pi. 503 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 68. 

 Opsarius gatensis, Bleeker, Pro. Cyp. p. 288. 



Barilius rugosus, Day, Proc. Zool. See. 18G7, p. 294 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 291. 

 Barilius gatensis, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 291 ; Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 373. 

 Choaree (at Coonoor) and Aaii-candee (Bowany), Tarn. "River carp." 



B. iii. D. 10-12(|:f), P. 15, V. 9, A. 15-17(t^3„) C. 18, L. 1. 89-40, L. tr. 8/5. 



Length of head 4^ to 4|, of caudal 5-t to 6^, height of body 4 to 4^ in the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 3 to 4| in the length of head, 1 to I3 diameters from end of snout, li diameters apart. Mouth pointed, its 

 cleft extending to below the centre of the orbit. The third suborbital bone is about three times as broad as 

 the uncovered portion of the cheek below it. The anterior portion of the snout and the sides of the jaws 

 covered with large glands : there are likewise some on the lower jaw. Barbels — two very minute pairs which 

 appear to be sometimes wanting. Teeth — pharyngeal, crooked, pointed, 5, 3 or 4, 2/2, 4 or 3, 5. Fins — dorsal 

 commences midway between the end of the snout and the middle of the caudal fin, extending to above the third 

 anal ray. Pectoral as long as the head excluding the snout, its outer ray stiff. Caudal moderately lobed, the 

 lower very slightly the longer. Lateral-line — 2^ rows of scales between it and the base of the ventral fin. 

 Colours — silvery gray with about 15 vertical bars descending from the back, and which become more or less 

 broken up in the adult. Dorsal and anal with dark bases and light margins. The females and young generally 

 have smooth scales, whereas most of the adult males have one or more rough spots on each. 



Habitat. — Western Ghauts of Malabar and NeUgherry hills, up to about 5000 feet above the level of the 

 sea. It attains at least 6 inches in length. The example figured (Ufe-size) was from the Neilgherry hills. 



9. Barilius Canarensis, Plate CXLIX, fig. 1. 



Opsarius Canarensis and Malabaricus, Jerdon, M. J. L. and S. 1849, p. 329. 



Barilius Canarensis, Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 374. 



B. iii, D. 12.13(t-5?xt). P- 15, V. 9, A. 14-16(t^?„), C. 21, L. 1. 38, L. tr. 9/4. 



Length of head 4i to 4f, of caudal 5 to 5j, height of body 85 to 3| in the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 3i in length of head, I diameter from end of snout and also apart. Suborbitals nearly cover the cheek. The 

 posterior extremity of the maxilla reaches to below the anterior third of the orbit. Barbels— ahsent. 

 Fins — the dorsal tin commences midway between the snout and the base of the caudal. Lateral-line — 2^ rows of 

 scales between it and the base of the ventral tin : 15 rows before the dorsal fin. GiU-rakers distinct. Colo^irs — 

 greenish above, golden on the sides, a single or double row of large vertical green spots along the body. Fins 

 gray, with broad white margins. 



Opsarius Malabaricus, Jerdon, appears to be a variety of this species. 1 have i-eceived a very complete 

 series from Canara, collected by H. S. Thomas, Esq., C. S., and I can find no difference, except in the dorsal fin 

 being a little higher and a row of small blue spots (9-12) exists along the middle of the side, sometimes 2 rows 

 being present in the first third of the body. 



Habitat. — Canara and Malabar on the Western coast ; attaining 6 inches ia length. 



10. Barilius barna, Plate CXLVIII, fig. 1 (young), and 2 (adult). 

 Cyprinus barna, Ham. Buch. Fish. Ganges, pp. 268, 384; Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 419. 

 Opsarius fasciatus, latipinnatus and acanthopterus, McClell. Ind. Cyp. pp. 269, 298, 417, 422, pi. 48, f. 7, 

 and 9 ; Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 472. 



Cyprinus lama, Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 419. 



Leuciscus acanthopterus and barna, Bleeker, Beng. v. 66. 



Barilius barna, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 290. 



Barilius pajyillatus. Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 378 (young'). 



Bahri, Ooriah : Balisundree and Oz-o-la, Assam. 



B. iii, D. 9(f), P. 15, V. 9, A. 13-14(^^^3^), C. 19, L. 1. 39-42, L. tr. 8-9/6. 



* Pterojysarion is said to have '• dorsal fin elongate, with more than 9 branched rays -," and Barilius to have " dorsal fin short, 

 with less than 9 branched rays" ! 



