630 



PHYSOSTOMI. 



14. Engraulis tri, Plate CLVIII, fig. 6. 



Bler.ker, Haring. p. 40 and Borneo, p. 455 ; Giinther, Catal. vli, p. 389. 



^tohphoms tri, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 128, t. 262, f. 1. 



B. xi, D. 1 + 14.15(r,?TT), P. 13, V. 7, A. 20-22(tt'w), C. 17, L. 1. 38, L. tr. 8. 



Length of head 5 to 5^, of caudal 5i, height of body 5 to b\ in the total length. 5ye.-.suboutaneous, 

 diameter sf in the length of the head, 1/2 to 3/4 of a diameter from the end of snout and 1 apart. Body 

 compressed the abdominal profile more convex than the dorsal. The greatest height of the head equals its 

 len<.th excluding the snout. Snout pointed and projecting considerably beyond the jaws Maxilla enlarged 

 opp°osite the mandibular joint, pointed posteriorly and reaching to the gill-opening. Teef^-pre-sent on jaws 

 vomer, palatines, and pterygoids. Fu^.-dorsal commences between the front edge of the eye and the base of 

 the caudal fin. Ventrd inserted on a line anterior to the origin of the dorsal. Anal commences under the 

 middle of the dorsal. &a/.es-regularly arranged and not very deciduous. Scutes, 4 ong slender ones before 

 the ventral fin. Gill-rakers, the longest not quite so long as the eye, about 2o m the horizontal branch of 

 the outer branchial arch. Oo^owrs-silvery shot with purple: a silvery band passes from opposite the eye to 

 the base of the caudal fin : a dark spot behind occiput. 



Bleeker observes that this species has 32 to 35 scales along the lateral-line 



Hahitat.—Fvoni Bombay through the seas and estuaries of India to the ^lalay Archipelago. It ascends 

 the Hooghly as high as Calcutta. It attains about 4 inches m length. 



Genus, 2 — CoILI.^, Gray. 



Mvste, Lacep.; Tm-Ziosoma, Swains. ; CVtcciownts, McLelland ; 6'o7/;a, Schleg. ; Leptonurus Ji\e^\ev 

 Branchiostegals nine to eleven. Body elongated, compressed and tapering to a pointed tad: abdomen 

 trenclant and serrated. Snout pointed and projecting. Mouth cleft to lehvnd the eye: the maxMa prodnced 

 posteriorly. Teeth on the jaws, vomer, palatine, and pterygoid hones, also ontheton^m- A single rather short 

 dorsal fin placed m the anterior poHion of the hack: anal elongated and confluent with tU caudal: some of the 

 upper pectoral rays produced into moderately thick filaments. Scales of moderate or small size. 



In an example of a species (0. Dussumieri) of this genus captured in Orissa, a portion of the tail has 

 been lost and a new caudal fin has sprung from the excised end : it is nearly twice as long as seen m normal 

 esamjsles. 



A._r/ie maxilla does not extend posteriorly leyond the head. 



1. Coilia Beynaldi, P. 5-6 + xii, A. 116, L. 1. 55. Pectoral fin short: free rays long: some spines 



before ventral fin : no spots on body. Bengal. ^ „ , ,. i . r i g „ ,.„• „o 



2. Coilia ramcarati, P. 6+vi, A. 96-110, L. 1. 70. Pectoral fin short: free rays long: five spines 



before ventral fin : no spots on body. Bengal. „ , , n ^ c ■ -u r 



3. Coilia Cantoris, V. 6 + yi, A. 75, L. 1. 68. Pectoral fin short: free rays long: five spines before 



ventral fin : no spots on body. Bengal. , „ , , r i * i i 



4. Coilia quadragesimalis, P. 6 -f vi, A. 42. Pectoral fin short: free rays long: no spots on body. 



Bengal. 



B. The maxilla does extend posteriorly leyond the head. ■. 



6. Coilia BusswnAeri, P. -f v-vi, A, 105. Pectoral fin nearly as long as head = "PPer rays long : five 

 or six spines before ventral fin : two or three rows of round yellow spots. India to the Malay Archipelago 



6 Coilia Borneensis, P. G -f ix-xii, A. 77-95. Pectoral fin short: free rays long: five spines before 

 ventral fin : no spots. Seas and estuaries of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



1. Coilia Reynaldi. 



CoiUa Beynaldi, Cuv. and Val. xxi, p. 81 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 74, and Atl. Ich. vi, p. 141, t. 266, f. 1. 



B. ix, D 1-i- 14(A), P- 6-6+12, V. 6, A. 116, C. 10, L. 1. 65, L. tr. 10-11. 



Length of head 7, of caudal fin 9i, height of body 6 in the total length. E^..-diameter 1/4 of length 

 of head 1 diameter from end of snout, and U apart. The distance from the end ot the snout to the anal fan 

 is less than 1/3 of the total length: the maxilla extends nearly to the end of he opercles, close ^ the or.g^n 

 of the pectoral fin. Snout overlian^ing the upper jaw, which last is longer than the mandibles. T.e< ,-fine 

 t both^/aws. Pins-ih. dorsal commences in the first fourth of the total leng h : the anal under or s ight ly 

 beyond \he posterior margin of the dorsal. Dorsal with a spine a very lit le distance antenor ^ the fin. 

 Pectoral short, with the upper rays prolonged nearly to the middle of the body Anal longer than m C. 

 r^^l continuous with^the caudal. 6c«/e.*-twelve sharp spines exist a ong the abdominal edge, which is 

 serrated in front of the ventrals. CoZo«rs— silvery-white, with pinkish reflections. 



Habitat. — The Hooghly at Calcutta. 



