644 



PHTSOSTOMI. 



abdominal profile more convex than that of the back. The maxilla reaches to beneath the middle of the orbit. 

 The posterior halves of the ridges on the summit of the head are nearly parallel one to the other. Teeth — ou 

 iaws, tono-ue and palate. Fins — origin of dorsal fin slightly nearer to the snout tlian to the base of the caudal, 

 and situirted entirely in front of the anal, the length of the base of this latter fin being equal to 1/3 of that 

 of the total length excluding the caudal fin : ventral fin nearly as long as the eye. Scales— 16 rows anterior to 

 the base of the'clorsal fin : there are seven to eight scutes along the abdominal profile posterior to the base of 

 the ventral, and 15 or 1(3 anterior to it. Colours— silvery, with mother-of-pearl reflections, and having a 

 burnished lateral-band. There are some fine dots on the fins, and along the edges of some of the scales. 

 Caudal fin with a dark outer edge : a dark band along the middle of the dorsal fin. 



Habitat.— Assam, Bengal and Orissa, descending as low as the coast. It does not appear to attain much 

 above 4 inches in length. The example figured (life-size), was from Orissa. 



4. Pellona Indica, Plate CLXIV, fig. 4. 



Chipea, Russell, Fish. Vizag. ii, p. 78, and Ditchoee, pi. 192. 



Platygaster Indims, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 294. 



Pelloiia ditchoa, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 313 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 72, and Haring. p. 24 ; Giinther, Catal. 

 vii, p. 455. 



Pellona Indicus, Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 145. 



nisha Indica, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 11 8, t. 259, f. 4. 



Puo-na-no-dah, Andamanese. 



B. vi. D. 17(Jj), P. 16, V. 7, A. 39.^0(^^1^) C. 17, L. 1. 44, L. tr. 13-14. 



Length of head 4^, of caudal fin 4|, height of body 3^ to 3^ in the total length. Eyes— diameter 2f 

 to 3 in the length of head, 2/3 of a diameter from end of snout and 1/2 a diameter apart. Abdominal profile 

 more convex than the dorsal. The maxilla reaches to below the anterior 1/3 of the eye. Opercle rather 

 more than twice as high as wide, not striated. The posterior halves of the ridges on the occiput are parallel 

 one to the other. Teeth— in the jaws, tongue, palatine and pterygoid bones. i''//(s— dorsal commences rather 

 nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, its base being entirely, or almost so, in advance of that of the 

 anal, the lensrth of the base of the latter fin being 2f to 3 in that of the body excluding the caudal fin. 

 Ventral small^ shorter than the eye and inserted rather in advance of the origin of the dorsal. Scales— Tuith. 

 the edges rather roughened, and having one or two vei-tical lines: 25 to 26 scutes, 18 being between the throat 

 and base of ventraf fin. Colours-greenish, along the back, becoming silvery shot with purple and gold on 

 the sides and below : dorsal fin often tipped with black. 



Pellona micropus, C. V. xx, p. 320, appears to be closely allied to this species, D. 17, A. 42, L, 1. 47. 

 Height of body 3|r in the total length : 27 scutes along the abdominal edge. 



Eabitat.— East Coast of Africa, seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



5. Pellona ditchela, Plate CLXV, fig. 5. 



Clu-pea, Russell, Fish. Vizag. ii, p. 72, and Dltchellee, pi. 188. ^ 



Pellona ditchela, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 314 ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 72. 



B. vi, D. 18(A), P- 16, V. 6, A. 36.¥)(^s'^^), C. 19, L. 1. 40-44, L. tr. 14. 



Length of head 4i, of caudal fin 5, height of body 4| in the total length. Eyes— diameter about l.'o 

 of length of head, nearly! diameter from end of snout, and 1/2 a diameter apart. Abdominal profile rather 

 more convex than the dorsal. The maxilla reaches to below the middle of the orbit : anteriorly a bone, 

 armed with teeth instead of a ligament, connects the premaxillaries to the maxilla (as in P. Hoeceuii), 

 The posterior halves of the ridges on the occiput converge. Teeth— in jaws, tongue, and palate. Fins— origin 

 of the dorsal rather nearer the suoat than the base of the caudal fin, whilst the fin is entirely in advance of the 

 anal. Ventral nearly as long as the eye. Length of base of the anal equal to :i\ in the total length excluding 

 the caudal fin. Scales— scutes well developed, 23 anterior and 10 posterior to the base of the ventral fin. 

 Colours— Sliver J, with a burnished lateral-band, the upper edge of the dorsal tin rather dark. 



This may be Clupea melastoma, Bl. Schn. p. 427, and Pellona melastoma, Cuv. and Val. xx, p. 308, which 



[l fl Q A ^i-L 



' nahitai.—Coromandel Coast of India. I received several examples from Madras, where they were 

 collected by Dr. Keess. Unfortunately they are not in a good state of preservation. None are larger than the 

 example figured. 



6. Pellona Hoevenii, Plate CLXV, fig. 6. 



Bleeker, Haring. p. 21, and Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind. iii, p. 712 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 455. 



Ilii<ha Huereuii', Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 117, t. 269, f. 2. 



B. vi, D. 18(yV), p. 17, V. 7, A. 3G(^\-), L. 1. 43, L. tr. 13. 



Length of head 4-V, of caudal 5, height of body 3| in the total length. E/za?— diameter 2f to 3 in the 

 length of the head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and I apart. Abdominal profile rather more convex than 

 that of the dorsal. The maxilla reaches to below the middle of the eye. Opercle rather more than twice 



