FAMILY, VI— CLUPEID^. G45 



as liigli as wide. The posterior halves of the ridges on the occiput meet posteriorly. Teeth — on the jaws, 

 tongue, palatine and pterygoid bones : also along a small accessory bone extending between the premaxillaries 

 and the superior maxillary. Fins — dorsal commences rather nearer the snout than the base of the caudal fin, 

 and is entirely or almost so, in advance of the anal : the length of the base of the latter fin being 3j in the 

 distance between the snout and the base of the caudal. Ventral small, shorter than the eye. Scales — with 

 the edges almost smooth : 22 scutes, 13 being anterior to the base of the ventral fin. Colours — greenish along 

 the back, becoming silvery with mother-of-pearl reflections on the sides and beneath. 



The chief points of difference between this species and P. ditchoa, consist in the posterior halves of the 

 ridges in the occipital region being convergent and not parallel to one another : and in the ligament extending 

 anteriorly from the premaxillaries to the maxillavies being replaced by a toothed bone. 



Habitat. — Coromandel Coast of India where it abounds, to the Malay Archipelago. 



B. — Dorsal Jin situated entirely or partially above the anal. 



7. Pellona brachysoma, Plate CLXIV, fig. 2. 



Bleeker, Verb. Bat. Gen. xxiv, Hariug. p. 22 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 456. 

 Ilisha braehysuma, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 118, t. 267, f. 5. 



Paunia puiee, Ooriah. 



B. vi, D. 16-17(x3'tt)> P- 16, V. 7, A. 46-51(„«^^), C. 17, L. 1. 43-44, L. tr. 14-15. 



Length of head 4| to 4f, of caudal fin 5, height of body 3^ to 3| in the total length. Eyes — diameter 

 3 in the length of head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and 1/2 a diameter apart. Abdominal profile 

 more convex than that of the back. The maxilla extends to below the middle of the orbit. The posterior 

 halves of the ridges on the occiput are nearly parallel one to the other. Teeth — on tongue, jaws, and palate. 

 Fins — the dorsal commences midway between the snout and the posterior end of the base of the anal, over 

 which latter fin its last few rays extend. Ventral small. Length of base of the anal fin 2-j to 2f in the total 

 excluding the caudal fin. Scales — 18 scutes anterior to the ventral fin, and 8 posterior to it. Colours — golden 

 glossed with purple. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



8. Pellona megaloptera, Plate CLXV, fig. 2. 



Clupea, Russell, ii, p. 73, and Jangarlno, pi. 191. 



Platygaster megalopterus, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 294. 



Pellona Leschenaultii, Bleeker, Java, 11 (not Cuv. and Val.) 



Pellona Russellii, Bleeker, Haring. p. 23. 



Pellona megalopteriis, Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 145. 



Pellona motius, Giinther, Catal. vii, p. 456 (part). 



Ilisha megaloftera, Bleeker, Atl. Ich. vi, p. 119, t. 264, f. 6. 



B. vi, D. 17-18(„?tt), P- 17, V. 7, A. 43-50(^?ct), C. 17, L. 1. 48-50, L. tr. 14-15. 



Length of head 4^ to 4f , of caudal fin 4|, height of body 3f to 4 in the total length. Eyes — diameter 2f 

 to 3 in the length of the head, 3/4 of a diameter from end of snout, and 1/4 of a diameter apart. Abdominal 

 profile slightly more convex than that of the back. The maxilla extends to nearly beneath the middle of 

 the orbit. The posterior halves of the occipital ridges are parallel Teeth — on jaws, tongue, and palate. 

 Fins — dorsal commences about midway between the snout and the base of the caudal fin, its last few rays are 

 above the commencement of the anal, its first ray is over the centre of the interspace between the ventral and 

 origin of the anal fins. Pectoral reaches to above the ventral, which last is not half so long as the eye, and 

 is sometimes entirely absent. Length of base of anal equal to nearly 1/3 of the length of the body excluding 

 the caudal fin. Scales — 22 scutes anterior, and 8 posterior to the ventral fin. 



Pellona Dussumieri, C. V. xx, p. 316, pi. 596, may be this species, but if so the ventral fins are shown 

 larger than I have seen them in the fish : in fact they are minute and even absent in some examples. The 

 origin of the dorsal fin is also shown as immediately above the insertion of the ventral. 



Habitat. — Seas of India to the Malay Archipelago. 



9. Pellona Sladeni, Plate CLXIV, fig. 1. 



Day, Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 1869, p. 623. 



B. vi, 13(tV), P- 11, V. 7, A. 44(tV), C. 21, L. 1. 48, L. tr. 10. 



Length of head 5, of caudal fin 8, height of body 5j in the total length. Eyes — diameter 1/4 of length 

 of head, 1 diameter from end of snout. Ridges on the occiput slightly diverge posteriorly. The maxilla reaches 

 to below the middle of the eye. Fins — first two dorsal rays in advance of anal, the remainder of the fin over 

 it, it arises midway between the base of the caudal and the posterior extremity of the opercle. Pectoral 

 reaches to nearly the end of the ventral, which is small. Caudal forked. 23 spinate scales exist on th(; 

 abdominal profile anterior to the ventral fins, and 10 posterior to them. Colotirs — silvery, opercles golden -, 

 caudal edged with black. 



Habitat. — Irrawaddi as high as Mandalay. A single example obtained, 7 inches in length. 



