FAMILY, IV— SCTLLIID^. 5'25 



80 wide as the orbit. Teeth— mmnte. Fins— the first dorsal is inserted rather nearer the anal than to the base 

 of the ventral : the second dorsal situated entirely behind the anal. Colours— hvovfn, lightest beneath. Body 

 with light vertical bands and some white blotches. . . 



Ealitat.— The only veRson for recording this as an Indian species is due to an example at the British 

 Museum being thus marked, and from which the figure is taken. It is stuffed and about 40 inches m length. 



B.— Nasal and buccal cavities confluent. 



Genus, 2 — Ginglymostoma, Midler and Eenle. 



Nehrius, Riippell. 



A minute spiracle behind the eye tvhich also is mimite. A quadrangular flaj} formed before the mouth by the 

 conjoined nasal valves, and ivhich has a free cirrus on either side. A superior and an inferior lip, the latter not 

 extending across the s%jmphysis. Nasal and buccal cavities confluent. Teeth either in, many rows tvith a strong 

 median and one or two smaller lateral cusps: or else in merely about three roivs of which the foremost only ts in 

 use, and each tooth with a convex and serrated edge. FouHh and fifth gill-openings situated close together. Dorsal 

 fins spineless, the first above or behind the ventrals, the second rather in advance of or opposite to the anal. 



Habitat.— 'Red Sea, Indian Ocean to the Malay Archipelago ; also tropical parts of the Atlantic. 



1. Ginglymostoma Miilleri. 



Gdnglymosioma concolor, Miill. and Henl. Plagios. p. 22, t. vi (not Riippell) ; Bleeker, Beng. p. 80 ; 

 Dumeril, Hist. Nat. Poiss. i, p. 334. 



Ginglymostoma Miilleri, Giinther, Catal. viii, p. 408; Klunz. Fisch. R. Meer. 1871, p. 670. 



Snout very short, its length not equalling the width of the mouth. Nasal cirrus short, reaching to the 

 edge of the upper lip. Teeth— \n many rows, each with a large central cusp, and three or four lateral ones on either 

 side. 2^ms— first dorsal opposite the ventral, angles of alt the paired fins pointed : second dorsal slightly in 

 advance of the anal, but rather smaller than it or than the first dorsal. Caudal nearly 1/3 of the total length. 



Habitat. — India. Said to attain 8i feet in length. 



Genus, 3 — Stegostoiia. Midler and Henle. 



Spiracles about the size of the small eye behind v-hich they are situated. Fourth and fifth gill-openings close 

 together. Nasal and buccal cavities confluent. Snout obtuse: iipper lip thick with a cirrus on either side. A well- 

 developed labial fold round the angle of the mouth. Teeth small, sometimes trilobed,^ the dental plate bnng 

 almost quadrangular. Tivo spineless dorsal fi.ns, the first above the ventral, the second anterior to the anal, which is 

 near the caudal, the latter being very elongate. 



Geographical distribution.— Yvom the Red Sea and East coast of Africa, through the seas of India to the 

 Malay Archipelago, and Formosa. 



1. Stegostoma tigrinum, Plate CLXXXVII, fig. 4 (young). 



Squalus tigrinus, Gmel. Linn. p. 1493 ; Lacep. i, p. 249 ; Forst. Zool. Ind. p. 24, t. xiii, f. 2 ; Pennant, 

 Ind. Zool. p. 56, t. XV, f. I. ; Russell, Fish. Vizag. i, p. 11, and FoUee makum, pi. xviii {young). 



Squalus longicaudus, Gmel. Linn. p. 1494. 



Squalus fasciatus, Bloch, t. cxiii ; Bl. Sohn. p. 130 {young). 



Squale tigre, Lacep. t. i, p. 249. 



Scyllium heptagonum, Riippell, N.W. Fische, p. 61, t. xvii, f. 1. . 



Stegostoma fasciaium, Miill. and Henle, p. 2.i,, t. ii ; Cantor, Catal. Mai. Fish. p. 396; Bleeker, Plagios. 

 p. 23, and Beng. p. 80; Jerdon, M. J. L. and Sc. 1851, p. 148; Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. of Bengal, I860, p. 3o ; 

 Dumeril, Hist. Nat. Poiss. i, p. 336 ; Giinther, Fish. Zanz. p. 140; Klunz. Fische Roth. Meer. 1871, p. 6/2. 



Stegostoma carinatum, Blyth, Journ. Ass. Soc. of Beng. xvi, 1847, p. 725, pi. xxv, fig. 1. 



Squalus cirrosus, Gronov. ed. Gray, p. 6. 



Stegostoma tigrinum, Giinther, Catal. viii, p. 409. 



Pollee-makum, Komrasi and Oorookoolti sorrah, also Potrava (ivhen young) Tel. ; Corungzm sorrah, 

 " monkey-mouthed shark," Tam. 



Head as broad as long. %e— small, with the spiracle just behind it. Upper lip very thick, like a 

 quadranaular pad, with a barbel on either side. A distinct labial fold round the angle of the mouth, which is 

 slightly nearer the eye than to the end of the snout. Teeth— smaW, and trilobed. Fins— the origin of the 

 first dorsal is a little posterior to the base of the ventral, it is about as high in front as its base is long, and 

 larger than the second dorsal, which commences a short distance behind it and anterior to the anal. Caudal 

 fin "very long, being about 1/2 of the total length and with notch near its lower extremity. A low median, 

 tubercular dorsal ridge, and sometimes another on either side of dorsal fin. Colmrs— (young) white or buft, 

 which are in the form of markings, the fish appearing black, with narrow white lines or bands across the head 

 and body, between which are white spots : these take on various forms in different examples. Adults— tuv/aj, 

 or with more or less transverse bands of rounded spots, the colour of the fish being brownish. 

 The favourite food of this fish is Molluscs and Crustacea. 



