293 



and cultivated. Corn is the prevailing crop grown upon it. Plate 

 LXXVII, Figure 2, and Plate LXXIX show features of the country 

 ^bout the woods. 



Birds were the most conspicuous of the vertebrates of Bates 

 woods, but they appeared to have a decided preference for the margin 

 of the upland woods at the time (August, 1910) Mdien most of the 

 field work was done. Plate LXXVIII is typical of the upland wood- 

 land margin where most of the birds were found. 



Many vertebrates besides birds were undoubtedly present in the 

 woods, but few notes were obtained on them. Two species of fish, 

 represented by only a few individuals, were in the stream, and some 

 amphibians were found at this place. Only one species of reptile was 

 found, the box-turtle. Mammals seemed scarce, and much trapping 

 brought scanty results. The almost complete absence of squirrels in 

 woods which have food and shelter in abundance for them, is due, 

 as I was told, to certain gunners. 



An annotated list of the vertebrates found by the writer in Bates 

 woods follows. 



FISH, AMPHIBIANS AND RE^PTlLES 



Campostonia anoinalum (Rafinesque). Stone-roller. 



A small example, two and a half inches long, was caught in the 

 ravine stream in August, 19 10. 



Semotihis atromaciilatiis (Mitchill). Horned Dace. 



Small specimens, one to nearly two inches long, were present in 

 small numbers in a few of the shallow pools in the lower part of the 

 south ravine woods during August, 191 o. They were in the deep- 

 est of the few shallow pools here. When disturbed they would hide 

 under stones or under the bank. Freshets following hard rains in 

 August, 1910, seemed to clean these and other fish out of the stream, 

 for none have been found in it since. 



An examination of the intestinal contents of a few of these little 

 dace, revealed various objects, but chiefly insect fragments, including 

 parts of beetles, gnat larvae, and ants. Copepods and green alga fila- 

 ments were also present. These dace were seen trying to capture 

 grasshoppers and other insects that had fallen on the water surface. 



Dcsinognatlius fitsca Rafinesque. Dusky Salamander. 



Larvae of this species were frequently found in the shallow, stony- 

 bottomed pools of the stream, where it flowed through the deeper and 

 well-shaded part of the ravine in the woods. 



Bufo americanus Le Conte. Common Toad. 



A few small toads were noted along the bank of the lower, less- 

 shaded part of the creek in the woods. 



