395 



experiments were performed in the kind of water in which the fish had 

 been Hving, containing about 3 cc. per hter of oxygen and 4-6 cc. per 

 liter of COo. Some experiments were carried on in running water, 

 some in jars exposed to the air, as described on page 390, and in case of 

 volatile substances the amount required to kill a standard fish in an 

 hour was determined in a corked four-liter bottle as described on 

 the same page. 



Table II 



Showing the Relative Toxicity of Various Products Associated with the 



Manufacture of Coal Gas. The Toxicities are Based on the Amount 



of the Substance Required to Kill in One Hour a Small 



Sunfish (Lepomis humilis) Weighing 4-6 Grams. 



The values given are approximately correct within the limits stated. 

 Temperature 20° C except in the case of gases where it was 16-17° C. 



Substance 



Solid, gm. per 1., 

 Liquid, cc. per 1., 

 or Gas, cc. per 1. 



Parts per 

 Million 



Remarks 



A. Nitrogenized Compounds. 



Ammonia 



Ammonium Carbonate . . . . 



Ammonium Chloride 



Ammonium Sulphate 



Ammonium Sulphocyanate 

 Ammonium Ferrocyanide . 



Ethylamine 



Aniline 



Pyridine 



Quinoline 



Isoquinoline 



Pyrrol 



B. Sulphuretted Compounds 



Hydrogen Sulphide 



Sulphur Dioxide 



Carbon Bisulphide 



Thiophene 



C. Oxygenized Compounds 

 Acetone 



Benzoic Acid 



Phenol (Carbolic Acid) . . 



Orthocresol 



Paracresol 



Metacresol 



NH, 



Gas 



(NH,)„C03 Solid 



NH, CI ISolid 



(NH,) J SO J Solid 



KNHJNCSSolid 



(NH,), 



Fe(CN), 



NH,(C,H,) 



C,H,N 

 C5H5N 



C»H,N 



C^H^N 

 C,H,N 



H,S 



SO, 



cs, 



C,H,S 

 C3H,0 

 CHjOj 



CeHeO 



C,H,0 

 C,H,0 

 C,H,0 



Solid 



Liquid 



Liquid 

 Liquid 

 Liquid 



Liquid 



Liquid 



Gas 

 Gas 

 Liquid 

 Liquid 



Liquid 



Solid 

 Solid 

 Solid 

 Solid 

 Liquid 



8.000-10.000 cc. 

 0.600-0.800 gn\. 

 0.700-0.800 gm. 

 0.420-0.500 gm. 

 0.280-0.300 gm. 

 0.150-0.200 gm. 



1.000-1.100 cc. 

 1.500-1.600 cc. 

 0.048-0.052 cc. 



0.060 



cc. 



3.250-3.500 cc. 

 5.500-6.600 cc. 

 0.090-0.100 cc. 

 0.025 cc. 



18.000-19.000 cc. 



0.550-0.570 gm. 

 0.07-0.075 gm. 

 0.055-0.065 gm. 

 0.080-0.090 gm. 

 0.120-0.130 cc. 



7-8 

 600-800 

 700-800 

 420-500 

 280-300 

 150-200 



400-800 



1020-1122 



1477-1576 



52-56 



65 



4.9-5.3 

 16-19 



100-127 

 27 



14,250- 

 15,050 

 550-570 

 70-75 

 55-65 

 80-90 



Spasms common 



Not accurately deter- 

 mined 



Paralyzes ; death point 

 determined by me- 

 chanical stimulation 



Not studied; unavail- 

 able 



Larger fishes die first 



