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and seven one-hundredths inches, Tulare, four and eighty-three one- 

 hundredths inches. In addition, on the coast, fogs and increased 

 cloudy weather supplement the rain and prevent insolation. Ten or 

 twelve annual inches of rain produce crops of cereals on the coast, 

 when the same amount in the San Joaquin Valley, unless very 

 favorably distributed, would result in failure. 



North of San Francisco the same rule appears to apply. Hum- 

 boldt, on the coast, in latitude forty degrees forty-five minutes, longi- 

 tude one hundred and twenty-four degrees ten minutes, elevation 

 above the sea of fifty feet, from a record of eleven years receives an 

 annual mean of thirty-five and ninety-two one-hundredths inches. 

 Fort Jones, in the interior, latitude forty-one degrees thirty-six min- 

 utes, longitude one hundred and twenty-two degrees fifty-two min- 

 utes, and with an increased elevation of two thousand five hundred 

 and twenty feet, from a record of five years receives but an annual 

 mean of twenty-one and seventy one-hundredths inches. I think 

 this decrease is in part due to the fact that Fort Jones lies north of 

 Mount Shasta and the Scott range of mountains, for the Town of 

 Redding, fifty miles south-southeast of Fort Jones, among the foot- 

 hills at the southern base of Mount Shasta, having an elevation of 

 five hundred and fifty-eight feet above the sea, from a record of two 

 years receives an annual mean of forty-two and eight one-hundredths 

 inches. Petal u ma, near the coast, from a record of six years receives 

 twenty-one and fifty-one one-hundredths inches. Sacramento, in the 

 center of the Sacramento Valley, with a latitude twenty-four miles 

 north of Petaluma, eighteen and seventy-five one-hundredths inches. 



In addition to the effects due to latitude, to the Pacific Ocean and 

 its Japan gulf stream, the temperature of the State is materially 

 modified by the Colorado, Mohave, and Nevada Deserts, lying south 

 and east of this State. These great reservoirs, daily absorbing and 

 daily radiating heat on the south and east, the gulf stream giving up 

 its heat on the northwest, together combine to send the isothermal 

 lines nearly as far north as they are in the western part of Europe. 

 Redding, at the northern end of the Sacramento Valley, latitude 

 forty degrees thirty-five minutes, longitude one hundred and twenty- 

 two degrees twenty-two minutes, elevation five hundred and fifty- 

 eight feet, has a mean annual temperature of sixty-four and fourteen 

 one-hundredths degrees, within two degrees as warm as Charleston, 

 South Carolina, eight degrees further south, Charleston having, 

 according to Blodgett's "Climatology," a mean of sixty-six and six 

 one-hundredths degrees. Red Bluff, latitude forty degrees ten min- 

 utes, longitude one hundred and twenty-two degrees fifteen minutes, 

 elevation three hundred and seven feet, has an annual mean tem- 

 perature of sixty-six and twenty-two one-hundredths degrees, the 

 same as Charleston. Chico, in latitude thirty-nine degrees forty 

 minutes, has a mean temperature of sixty-two and forty-six one- 

 hundredths degrees, but four degrees less than Charleston. Coming 

 south, through the center of the Sacramento Valley from Redding 

 on the north, to Sumner on the extreme south, and the mean tem- 

 peratures of the various successive stations show the effect of the 

 radiation of heat in this valley, and the influence of the wind from 

 the cool gulf stream, where it flows through the Golden Gate and up 

 the Sacramento River: 



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