76 



colouring matter Boluble in ether. The fat was probably contained 

 in the cells, as it was not seen till compression was used. 



;">4. TyphniB-material has been described by Rokitanski, Yogel, 

 Enffle, Gronsberg and others, as an effect of inflammation in tin- Boli- 

 tary and aggregate glands of the small inte-tim ■< deposited in the 

 submucous tissue near the glands, the membrane itself, at first, re- 

 maining sound. It is found also in the large intestines, especially 

 near the ccecum. It is seen in two forms, fluid and solid, usually 

 combined. The fluid is viscid and opaque, and deposits epithelium 

 cells and phosphatic crystals. After it- deposit it is converted into 

 a brownish slough,* which separates and leaves the typhus ulcer. 



55. Dr. J. Hughes Bennettf states that he has found this typhus 

 deposit in ten out of sixty-three eases in the spleen, and in a few e. 

 in the fine bronchial tubes <>f the lungs. The typhoid ulcer of Breton- 

 neau, Louis, Cruveilhier, &c, he found in nineteen cases out of sixty- 

 three of typhus. The principal seat of disease in these cases he found 

 to be the spleen, lungs, and intestines. The brain did not participate 

 much in the disease. Typhus deposit he describes as "a yellowish 

 or flesh coloured exudation, sometimes passing into a brownish 

 colour from the admixture of more or less blood. At first of tolera- 

 ble consistency, it rapidly softens. In parenchimatous organs it 

 may be absorbed or resolved, as in the lungs, Bpleen, and mesenteric 

 glands, or produce ulceration or gangrene; leaving cicatrices, with 

 puckering and induration, if the patient recovers. On mucous mem- 

 brane it sloughs off, leaving a round or oval ulcer which is charac- 

 teristic; this may cicatrize or perforate the gut. The microscope 

 shows a Dumber of roundish or irregularly shaped corpuscles, about 

 one-hundredth of a millimetre in diameter, containing several gra- 

 nules, with a nucleus about five-hundredths of a millimetre in ilia- 

 meter. They are conjoined with numerous granules and molecules, 

 which become more abundant as the process of softening advances. 



In the mesenteric glands a higher degree Of cell formation takes 

 place. The cells are about fifty millimetres in diameter, with from 



two to six, and even more nuclei, which become \eiy distinct on the 

 addition of acetic acid." The pathology of the disease, he thinks, 

 consists in a primary alteration of the blood from the peculiar miasm 

 or poison causing typhus fever. 



• Rauki:ig"s Retrospective Address. t American Journ , Jan. 1S-1S, p. 242. 



