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tain auscultatory signs denote a pulmonary complication, or as injec- 

 tion of the adnata, intolerance of light, headache and delirium, show 

 encephalic disorder? The principal anatomical lesions in typhus are 

 found in the three great cavities; and there are no reasons that 

 would warrant the forming of a special disease of those cases in 

 which abdominal symptoms are prominently developed, which would 

 not equally justify the creation of new diseases of cases in which 

 pneumonic and cerebral symptoms are predominant. If the term 

 abdominal typhus, applied by the German physicians to dothinen- 

 teritis, be appropriate, it may not be improper to apply the terms 

 thoracic and cerebral typhus to those varieties of the disease in which 

 the lungs and brain are the organs that chiefly suffer organic changes. 

 These terms, so used, import special complications of typhus, but 

 not distinct diseases. 



That every case described by Louis as typhoid fever was genuine 

 typhus is, perhaps, doubtful ; but that most of his cases in which he 

 found, after death, follicular ulceration of the bowels were not that 

 disease, he has, we think, failed to show by any diagnostic pheno- 

 mena. Had no autopsies been made, the cases would have been 

 considered, by every pathologist, as simple modifications of the 

 typhus of England and other countries. In searching for novelties 

 in pathological anatomy, it should be borne in mind that the evi- 

 dence for and against the theory of the essential nature of fever 

 vastly preponderates on the side of the former; and, consequently, 

 all anatomical lesions are to be considered contingent or secondary. 

 The anatomical alterations in typhus and other kinds of fever some- 

 times vary so much in different cases, that were one called upon to 

 decide on the nature of the disease in a particular case, by inspec- 

 tion of the body after death, it would frequently be difficult, and 

 sometimes impossible, to say of what species of fever the patient 

 died. Now such an embarrassment, in forming a diagnosis, rarely 

 occurs in cases in which the symptoms, during the normal course of 

 the disease, are carefully observed. In the phlegmasise proper, a 

 post-mortem diognosis is, in general, not left in doubt, but is promptly 

 and certainly attained. 



Upon the whole, it seems to us, that the ingenious attempts which 

 have been made to establish a specific distinction between typhus 

 and typhoid fever, by an analysis of the symptoms, have yielded no 

 other profitable result than a lucid exhibition of the modifications 

 which genuine typhus assumes under different circumstances of tem- 

 perament, habits and modes of life, climate, &c. In no other light 



