150 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



industries, furnish employment to many men and women, and enrich the 

 State. The exhibits of this county embraced all the fruits of the semi- 

 tropics, including figs, raisins, oranges, lemons, pomegranates, and all 

 kinds of nuts. The great areas of fertile soils, the ample means of trans- 

 portation, the cheapness of the land, and the ready market at home and 

 abroad, should induce a large immigration of the best settlers, and give a 

 rapid increase of wealth and population to Colusa County. 



NEVADA COUNTY 



Is another of the foothill counties, in the " tierra templada " or temperate 

 region. It is directly north from Placer County, and in topographical con- 

 formation, climate, soils, timber, water, and productions, presents a marked 

 similarity to that county. There are the same deep, rich, sheltered valleys, 

 warm, sloping uplands, and rolling foothills, all leading up to the great 

 forest belts, and the higher ranges of the Sierra Nevadas. The water sys- 

 tem is one of the best, most extensive, and thoroughly distributed, in the 

 State. The Bear and the forks of the Yuba have their sources in the 

 higher canons, gorges, and valleys, near the crest of the range, and their 

 tributaries furnish an abundance of water to all portions of the county. 

 There are great belts of timber, higher up the mountain sides, which are 

 practically inexhaustible. 



The soils, from the decomposed granite and slate formations, are warm, 

 and rich in all the elements of fertility. The climate is mild, equable, 

 and invigorating. The scenery is varied, and presents every phase of the 

 beautiful, picturesque, and grand. Land is cheap, and for sale in quanti- 

 ties to suit the wants of purchasers. The materials for building and fenc- 

 ing are cheap, and in abundance. 



The mineral wealth is beyond estimate, and is being rapidly developed, 

 and in the future the mining districts will be the best markets for the prod- 

 ucts of the farms, orchards, vineyards, and gardens. 



The productions of this county present the same long and varied list as 

 is found in all this warm, frostless belt of the foothills, which extends 

 along the Sierras for so many hundred miles. There have been orchards 

 and vineyards in this county since the earliest years of the " gold era." 

 These have demonstrated the adaptability of the soil and climate to a 

 great, production of fruits and wines. There was a large and well arranged 

 exhibit from this county, and the articles exhibited were of marked excel- 

 lence. The apples from the higher altitudes on the mountain sides were 

 especially noticeable for their size and flavor, in this respect comparing 

 favorably with those of Oregon or the region of the lakes in the Eastern 

 States. Inasmuch as good fall and winter apples have always commanded 

 remunerative prices in our home markets, and inasmuch as they are in 

 active demand for shipments to Mexico, Central America, and the islands 

 of the Pacific, there must be increased areas in the higher foothills 'devoted 

 to apple orchards. 



The exhibit of wine, table, and raisin grapes, is a large one, and embraces 

 the most delicate varieties. The display of deciduous fruits is extensive and 

 of great merit. The vegetable production is represented by some mammoth 

 specimens. There are squashes weighing from one hundred and sixty to 

 one hundred and ninety pounds. The exhibition of cereals is highly cred- 

 itable. In grasses the display was of great interest. Some fine specimens 

 of hemp and cotton are made. There are also exhibits of bacon, lard, hams, 

 butter, and cheese. There is room in Nevada County for many thousand 

 settlers, and there seems every inducement for them to go there for homes. 



