STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 225 



successfully introduced the only method which can be effective in extir- 

 pating this disease. 



The following may be briefly stated as its method of work: 



First — Investigations to determine the existence of pleuro-pneumonia in 

 any suspected locality in the country. 



Second — The immediate quarantine and isolation of the herds in which 

 the disease is found. If any considerable amount of disease is discovered 

 in any district of any State so that there is grave danger of the disease 

 spreading to other districts, the immediate quarantine of that district is 

 enforced, as well as the prohibition of the movement of any animals from 

 one herd or premises to another within the district, the movement of any 

 cattle out of or into the district, or of any cattle to be upon any highway, 

 or upon any uninclosed land within said district. Provided, however, 

 that animals may be moved upon a written permit signed by an Inspector 

 of the Bureau of Animal Industry. As soon as the quarantine order has 

 been made, the immediate inspection, tagging, and numbering of every 

 bovine animal in the district, and the keeping of a record of the same, and 

 a record of all permits of all animals moved by permission, so that the 

 bureau may have a complete control of the movements of all cattle within 

 the district. 



Third — The condemnation and slaughter of all animals found to be 

 diseased, or exposed to disease within said district, and the thorough dis- 

 infection of all premises where such animals have been, or on which 

 contagion is suspected to exist. At the same time, inspection and post- 

 mortem examination is made of every animal slaughtered within the dis- 

 trict during the term of quarantine, whether such animals are purchased 

 and slaughtered by order of the bureau, or whether they are killed by 

 butchers or others for their own uses. 



The above described plan is the one now being enforced by the Bureau 

 of Animal Industry with the aid of State laws in States cooperating with 

 the bureau, and is in force in the States of Maryland, New Jersey, and New 

 York at the present time, these being the only States where pleuro-pneu- 

 monia is now known to exist. 



The principal authority or power by means of which the Bureau of Ani- 

 mal Industry is enabled to carry out this method of work comes to it from 

 the Appropriation Act, approved March 3, 1887. 



In any proposed legislation to be enacted Congress should clearly under- 

 stand that this method of work is absolutely essential to wipe out the dis- 

 ease, and that any law which may be passed, which falls short in any one 

 particular, as described above, will fail of its purpose, and money expended 

 under it will be thrown away. The first consideration which your com- 

 mittee, it seems to me, should pass upon is, whether this work is to be con- 

 tinued with the cooperation and consent of the several States in which the 

 disease may exist, or whether it is to be done solely and alone by national 

 authority under that provision of the Constitution which empowers Con- 

 gress "to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several 

 States." From my judgment and the experience that I have had in this 

 work, I believe that the plan of State cooperation is preferable to the one 

 which relies solely upon national authority. 



There exists a disposition on the part of many of the States to resist 

 what they believe to be encroachments of the National Government upon 

 their State rights, and in this instance upon the police powers of the State, 

 which heretofore have had sole jurisdiction in protecting the State from 

 contagious disease among their domestic animals. In addition to this feel- 

 ing held by State authorities there will be encountered the resistance of indi- 

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