STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 469 



the right of the naming power disagree on this important point it detracts 

 from our respect for the importance of their work. 



I have adhered to the classification Coccus for the reason that all French 

 writers on the olive that I have consulted have done so, with but one 

 exception. 



As an authority on this subject I quote from Alfred Le Jourdan in his 

 work "Maladie Noire," pages 15 to 31: 



These insects form the genus Coccus founded by Linnaeus and adopted by the greater 

 number of authors. 



1. The Coccus hesperidum, citrus scale. 



2. The Coccus aonidum, oleander scale. 



3. The Coccus adonidum, hot-house scale. 



4. The Coccus alece, olive scale. 



5. The Coccus ficus caricce, scale of the tig. 



6. The Coccus vitis, scale of the vine. 



Some authors have classified these insects by the number of the antennae, the form of 

 the body, the presence of rings, etc., but these divisions established on characters of very 

 little importance, and which sometimes vary. I think it is more natural to preserve the 

 grand genus Liuneen, the Coccus. 



In the Lecanium they have placed the Coccus hesperidum, the Coccus aonidum, and the 

 Coccus alece. 



In the classification as above from one to six these insects have been variously named. 



1. The Coccus hesperidum the Coccus hypernaculorum, the Pediculus clypeatus, the 

 Kermes hesperidum, the Lecanium hesperidum. 



2. Coccus aonidum, the Coccus indarum arboreum, the Coccus hesperidum minor, the 

 Kermes aonidum, the Lecanium aonidum. 



3. The Coccus adonidum, the Pediculus hypernaculorum, the Pediculus adonidum, the 

 Pediculus corleoe, the Coccus rufus farinaceus. 



4. The Coccus olece, the Kermes olece, the Lecanium olece. 



5. The Coccus ficus caricce, the Kermes ficus caricce, the Lecanium ficus caricce. 

 (!. The Coccus vitis, the Kermes vitis. 



These are the principal kinds of Coccus, corresponding to a certain extent, and the attack 

 always followed by the black fungus. 



The Coccus adonidum (hot house scale), originated in Senegal, and attacks more partic- 

 ularly the citrus trees, and is very difficult to destroy. 



The Coccus hesperidum (citrus scale), originated in America or Africa. 



The Coccus aonidum originated in the Indian Archipelago, and thrives more particularly 

 on the oleander. 



The Coccus ficus caricce commits great ravages on the fig. It produces about the same 

 effect on the fig that the black scale does on the olive, multiplies with great rapidity, but 

 not so rapidly as the olive scale. 



The Coccus olece, so destructive to the olive, is a native of the borders of the Mediterra- 

 nean, and increases with the greatest rapidity. 



The Coccus vitis exercises its destructive action on the vine. 



I differ from the conclusions of scientists as to the natural home of some 

 of these insects. They do not, or can not exist where there are many 

 degrees of frost. They do not thrive in the tropics. 



The olive was grown successfully for at least four thousand years in 

 parts of Asia, and a very great length of time in Africa, and on the coast 

 of the Mediterranean, without being infested with the Coccus. It could 

 not be a native of these places. The natural home is in a climate similar 

 to Australia and that of California. 



THE ENGLISH WALNUT. 



Mr. Cooper read the following essay on the English walnut before the 

 State Horticultural Society, November 1, 1886, and published in their 

 biennial report: 



The English walnut as known to botanists, Juglans regia, is unisexual, 

 bearing both the staminate and pistilate flowers. "Juglans" is a contrac- 

 tion of "Jovis glans " (glans of Jupiter). Evidently the naming party had 



