256 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



ing in early spring, thus appearing in the role of a migrant in the 

 region immediately south of its breeding range. 



The Black-capped Chickadee is a common resident north and 

 west of the Ozark border region, being replaced south and east- 

 ward by the Carolina Chickadee, and blending into the long- 

 tailed subspecies, or a form which connects the two subspecies, 

 in the western and northwestern counties. In St. Louis Co., 

 where the Carolina Chickadee is the prevalent form or species, 

 the Black-capped appears regularly and numerously in family 

 troops in October and again in March, some remaining with 

 us, but the majority spending the winter farther south. 

 In the northern part of St. Louis Co., in the flood plain of the 

 Missouri River about Creve Coeur Lake, the Black-cap and the 

 Carolina Chickadee have both been found breeding, but at 

 St. Louis and southward the Carolina only is seen in summer. 



*735a. Parus atricapillus septentrionalis (Harris). Long- 

 tailed Chickadee. 



Parus septentrionalis. Parus atricapillus (in part). Penthestes atricapillus 

 septentrionalis. 



Geog. Dist. — Great Plains and Rocky Mountain districts 

 of central North America from New Mexico and Kansas to Alaska 

 and Mackenzie; east to eastern Kansas, Iowa, eastern South 

 Dakota, western Minnesota, Manitoba and southwestern Kee- 

 watin ; west to Salt Lake. 



Dr. Hoy mentions the Long-tailed Chickadee among the birds 

 observed by him in western Missouri in 1854, and W. E. D. 

 Scott (Nutt. Bull., vol. 4, p. 140), who took a large series of 

 Chickadees in Johnson Co. in 1874, found that many approached 

 the subspecies, septentrionalis. in having the secondaries and 

 lateral tail feathers conspicuously edged with white. Mr. B. 

 F. Bush of Courtney, Jackson Co., writes me: "The Long- 

 tailed Ch. occurs here much of the time and undoubtedly breeds." 

 Mr. H. Nehrling also reports this form as occurring, though 

 rarely, together with atricap. and carolinensis at Pierce City, 

 Lawrence Co. In Atchison Co. (Langdon, Rockport etc.) this 

 was the only form found by the writer in June, 1906. 



*736. Parus carolinensis Aud. Carolina Chickadee. 



Parus atricapillus carolinensis. Penthestes carolinensis. 



Geog. Dist. — Eastern United States north to southern New 

 Jersey, southern Pennsylvania, southern Ohio, southern Indiana, 



