STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 131 



powder, two million dollars; cattle, six million dollars; horses and 

 mules, one million five Inmdred tliousand dollars ; sheep, three 

 million dollars; poultry, one million dollars; butter, one million five 

 hundred thousand dollars; flax, silk, Angora goats, one million dol- 

 lars; lime, hairs, etc., two million dollars. The California mines this 

 year will produce about seventeen million dollars. This makes a 

 total for agricultural and kindred pursuits of eighty-eight million 

 dollars, and a grand total for all of one hundred and five million 

 dollars, and it is estimated that there is not over one hundred and 

 fifty thousand people engaged in agriculture. This is proof enough 

 of the prosperity of your young State. Let the farmers along the 

 Sacramento and other rivers and navigable streams, see that they are 

 kept clear and fit for navigation, as they are wortli more to you than 

 all the railroad commissioners you will have for a long time to come. 



The great industry of California will be the growing of fruits. In 

 time every part of the State will be teeming with a dense population; 

 will be dotted with cottages, bowered with trees and vines; with 

 happy homes of small fruit farms, where each member, even the 

 children, will find some easy and pleasant task in cultivating and 

 gathering some beautiful fruit for the consumption of some less 

 favored spot of the world. Of all the beautiful gifts of Pomona, the 

 grape, with its beautiful- colors and bunches, will be the most impor- 

 tant. Even now, it is assuming large proportions with large invest- 

 ments, and maintaining a considerable population. Without being 

 exact, for such data is not yet obtainable, there are now one hundred 

 thousand acres of grapes planted, which are used for wine and 

 brandy making, for raisin making, and for shipping to eastern cities. 



Of this number of vines about one third are as yet only in full or 

 partial bearing, and this year's product from these one hundred mill- 

 ion vines, may be estimated to make twelve million gallons of ^wine 

 and brandy, one hundred and fifty thousand boxes of raisins, besides 

 grapes which are shipped to eastern cities in their natural condition. 

 This product may, at a low estimate, be valued at five million dol- 

 lars. This is for this year. But the ratio of increase will be very 

 rapid. You take the present planting — one hundred thousand acres — 

 and in four years from now the income from the present planting 

 should be twenty million dollars, and this industry is only in its 

 beginning. 



The investments in this industry are getting to be very large. 

 Take one hundred thousand acres of vineyard: at a valuation of 

 three hundred dollars, it makes a total valuation of thirty million 

 dollars. It is a fair estimate to say that the wine cellars, presses, 

 engines, and other machinery and tools, together with packages, etc., 

 will represent fully an equal sum, and it gives a grand total of sixty 

 million dollars invested in the grape and wine industry. It may 

 be taken as a reasonable estimate that this requires the labor 

 of twenty thousand men in the care of the vineyards, cellars, drying 

 houses, etc., and if one man represents five of population, then there 

 are now a population of one hundred thousand people who get a 

 good support from the vine. 



Take this estimate, and you find that the income per capita, with 

 the present yet limited income of five million dollars, is two hundred 

 and fifty dollars a year. This, of course, is small, but it must be 

 remembered that they are now yet growing the young plants; that 

 they are creating capital for future income; that in four years this 



