252 Californ'i'i and tfo North-west Coast. 



dition came by land from Lower California, and established 

 itself at San Diego <>n the firsl day of July. L769, making 

 the first historic day for California. Monterey was re-dis- 

 covered May 31, 1770, not having been seen - i n < . • 1<><)3 |»y 

 Viscayno. San Francisco was re-discovered by land, in 

 1770, made a mission in 1775, and a presidio in 177n'. The 

 harbor was entered by water for the first time in 177"> 

 (Randolph, p. 22, 33). These proceedings caused gnat 

 rejoicings and ringing of bells in the city of Mexico, and 

 at Madrid. 



The final general outline of our North-West coast w 

 not made till ninety years since, in Capt. Cook's great hut 

 fatal third voyage. From Drakes time to Cook, no English 

 flag had gone north of 43°. Simultaneously with our 

 revolutionary war, under instructions from the Admiralty 

 to survey that coast for the purpose of finding a northern 

 passage to the east, and to discover the limits of the con- 

 tinent, Cook left Plymouth in July, 1776, and reached lat. 

 44° 33' in March, 1778. It is not impossible that the 

 ideas prevalent during the twenty-five preceding year-, 

 both of the narrowness of the continent and of numerous 

 channels and rivers from the west, led the British irovcrn- 

 mentto surmise that their rebellious colonists might with 

 advantage be attacked from the rear as well as the front. 

 or at least might be prevented from settling remote from 

 her vengeance. 



Alter Cook reached New Albion, the outline of the coast, 

 as high as latitude 7o , was for the first time seen by a 

 European, and surveyed with an accuracy thai with the 

 instruments of former navigators would not have been 

 possible. k ' He effected more in a single season than the 

 Spaniards had accomplished in two centuries, though he 

 passed De Fuca'e -traits without seeing them." D'XJrville, 

 the French navigator, declares that he was the founder of 



