FLCKTZ TRAl' FOUMATIONS. 199 



from those of tlie Arkansaw, the sandstone district presents 

 the following; appcaianccs, in naversini; it from tlie east to- 

 ward the primitive : 



1. Conjpact, hard, yellowish grey sandstone, containing 

 organised remains, but not in great ahiinchmce. This rock 

 is inclined to the west, at an angle of about twenty degrees. 

 It forms an inconsiderable, but continuous elevation, stretch- 

 ing along the loot of the mountains, ficm nortli to south, its 

 western side exhibiting a perpendicular piecipice. 



^. In the valley between the last meniioned and the suc- 

 ceeding ridge, are several detached columns, of great height 

 and thickness, standing perpendicular, and Ining irregularly 

 dispersed through the narrrow but woodless valley. These 

 masses are usually of a deep red colour. 'I'hey consist of 

 sandstone of various degrees of fineness, the particles of 

 which are held together by a cement of clay and oxide of 

 iron. 'I'hey have an irregular surliicc, which evidently owes 

 its present form to the action of water ; and their summits 

 are usually sharp. Several of them, though of great height 

 and covering a considerable extent of surface, are so naked 

 and steep on all sides, as to bid defiance to all attempts at 

 climl)ing them. 



At a short distance beyond these, is the commencenjent 

 of the high primitive mountain. The beginning; of the as- 

 cent upon this is covered by a thick bed of white pudding- 

 stone, rising upon the side of the granite to an elevation 

 of about two hundred feet aI)ove the little plain just men- 

 tioned. This rock, though conmionly very coarse, contains 

 small beds and stripes of the fineness of ordinary sandstone, 

 in which there occur several small oval masses of yellowish 

 and blueish white hornstone. On the surface ol these 

 masses, are the relicta of marine animals, mostly bivalves, in 

 beautiful |)reservation. This rock also abounds in ironstone. 

 From its eastern declivity about two hundred yards from the 

 point at which the granite emerges, there issues a consider- 

 able spring of water, highly impregnated with muriate of 



