Pammel — Caryopsis and Endosperm of some Grasses. 213 



Moeller, 1 Koernicke, 2 Hoehnel, 3 Marek, 4 Wittraack, 5 and 

 Bessey. 6 Harz has given us an excellent account of the different 

 forms of Triticum: T. vulgare, T. polonicum, 1. turgidum, 

 and T. durum, as well as the different forms of Triticum Spelta . 



Triticum Spelta, L., and T. monococcum. These differ 

 anatomically in a very marked degree, according to Harz, 

 chiefly in the epidermal cells of the caryopsis, and the nucellus. 

 In T. Spelta the epidermis consists of tangentially elon- 

 gated cells, the internal walls greatly thickened. The under- 

 lying cells are somewhat thinner-walled. The pericarp is 

 much more simple in its structure than in T. vulgare. My 

 studies do not entirely agree with those given by Harz. The 

 testa consists of elongated cells not markedly different from 

 those of the pericarp. The aleurone consists of a single 

 layer of large cells densely filled with aleurone grains. The 

 remainder of the endosperm usually of larger cells containing 

 the spherical or elliptical starch grains. The cells of the 

 first row of the starch layer are smaller. The remnants of 

 the nucellus evident only in the groove of the seed. Here a 

 dozen or more rows of small thick-walled, colorless cells occur, 

 which soon disappear on either side (PI. XVIII. 1. — Triticum 

 sativum, PI. XIX. 9). 



Triticum monococcum, L. This does not differ so essen- 

 tially from T. Spelta except in the structure of the epidermal 

 cells of the caryopsis. The exterior walls of the epidermal 

 cells are greatly thickened and larger than in T. Spelta. 

 The caryopsis consists of two rows of cells. The cells 

 of the testa are longer, thick-walled and colored brown. 

 The nucellus of this species as in Triticum Spelta. The 

 aleurone of one row of large cells, and occasionally a second 

 row of smaller cells, longer than broad, densely filled with 



1 l. c. 



2 Koernicke and Werner, Handbuch des Getreidebaues. Bonn. 1885. 



3 Vergleichende Untersuchungen d. Epidermis d. Gramineen Spelzen u. 

 deren Beziehung zum Hypoderma. Haberlandt's Wiss. Prakt. Untersuch- 

 ungen auf d. Gebiete d. Pflanzenbaues 1: 168. 



4 Das Saatgut u. dessen Einfluss auf Menge u. Giite d. Ernte. Wien. 

 193. /. 174. 1875. 



6 Ueber die Erkennung d. Verfalschung von Roggenmehl mit Weizen- 

 mehl. Sitzb. Ver. Prov. Brandenburg 24: 4-8. (Abstract Hanausek, Bot. 

 Centralbl. 13: 91-92. 1883.) « 1. c. 



