Welter — Paraphorhynchus, Genus of Kinderhook Brachiopoda. 263 



lower than the brachial, flattened on the umbo; the fold and 

 sinus originating much nearer the beak than ini?. elongatum, 

 the lateral slopes of the shell concave towards the beaks. The 

 coarser surface markings consist of from nine to eleven strong, 

 rounded, simple plications, and it few more or less irregularly 

 developed concentric lines of growth which are sometimes 

 almost obsolete ; of the radiating plications, three or four, 

 rarely two only, are included in the sinus of the pedicle valve 

 which becomes deep toward the front, the median portion of 

 the valve being produced toward the brachial valve in a lingual 

 extension. The minute surface markings consist of fine radi- 



O 



ating striae which cover the surface of both valves, about 

 four or live occupying the space of one millimeter. Fine 

 concentric striae are also present but they can only be detected 

 by the aid of a magnifying glass and are frequently quite 

 obscure, never being so conspicuous as upon P. elongatum. 



The dimensions of a very perfect specimen from Burling- 

 ton, Iowa, are: length 22.5 mm., width 23 mm., thickness 

 15 mm. The dimensions of a Pike County, Illinois, specimen 

 are: length 25.5 mm., width 26 mm., thickness 18 mm. 

 The average rostral angle of live specimens is 98°. 



This species may be easily distinguished from P. elongatum 

 by its smaller size, its greater proportionate width, its shal- 

 lower pedicle valve and its greater rostral angle. 



Localities. Meek and Worthen's type of this species is 

 recorded from Kinderhook, Pike County, Illinois. The spe- 

 cies also occurs in beds 3 and 4 (Weller 1899), of the 

 Kinderhook section at Burlington, Iowa. The specimen 

 illustrated by Hall and Clarke as Pugnax miswuriemis is said 

 to have come from Pike County, Missouri, and Prof. R. R. 

 Rowley, of Louisiana, Missouri, has informed the writer that 

 he has collected the species in its typical form, from the 

 Louisiana Limestone of that county. The specimens here 

 illustrated are from Pike County, Illinois (Pal. Coll. Walker 

 Museum, No. 6711), and are probably from Kinderhook, the 

 type locality of the species; and from Burlington, Iowa (Pal. 

 Coll. Walker Museum, No. 6658), bed No. 4 of the Kinder- 

 hook. 



