Discussion on Prof. Husmann's Paper. 53 



picking before packing, so as to slightly wilt and toughen the skin 

 and stems, when they may be safely shipped a distance of several 

 hundred miles. 



Mr. Hatch, of California — What is the freight rate on grapes 

 from your section to Denver? 



3Ir. Hubbard — The rate to St. Paul, St. Louis and other Mis- 

 sissippi river points is about one-third of a cent per pound. I can 

 not say just what it would be to Denver. 



Mr. Wilcox, of California — What kinds of soil do your grapes 

 succeed best upon ? 



3Ir. Hubbard — On almost all of our good farming lands, if well 

 located. They do best in the vicinity t)f bodies of fresh water, as 

 our inland lakes, and bordering on the Hudson river. The shores 

 of Lakes Geneva and Canandaigua are noted grape regions. 



The President — M)'. Hubbard, what is the probable acreage of 

 New York vineyards? 



Mr. Hubbard — Probably thirty or forty thousand acres are de- 

 voted to grape-growing in the state of New York. 



Mr. Smith, of Wisconsin — In regard to freight rates, I would 

 say that a car of vegetables from Green Bay to Denver costs about 

 |400. I presume it would be the same on fruits. 



Mr. Durand, of Missouri — It costs us forty-five cents per hun- 

 dred to ship apples from Kansas City to Denver by the car-load. 



Mr. Hatch — Freights are much higher in proportion from here 

 to Denver than are through freights to Chicago. 



President Earle — It is quite evident that the railroads are trying 

 to starve the people of Colorado in the matter of fruits. 



•Mr. Buck, of California — Mr. Hubbard, is there any great pro- 

 portion of the New York grape crop manufactured into wine? 



Mr. Hubbard — Probably less than one-fourth of our crop. 



Mr. Smith — I understood Prof. Husmann to say that California 

 grapes sold for from $15 to $20 per ton. I should like to know if 

 they can be profitably grown at this low rate. 



Prof. Husmann, of California — A fair average cost of cultiva- 

 tion, including pruning, etc., is $20 per acre. The yield ranges 



