Alt — Glandular Structures Appertaining to the Human Eye. 189 



have their ducts apart from those of the orbital lacrymal 

 gland, as they lie so far removed from them. The external 

 orifices of these ducts lie in the upper conjunctival fornix and 

 usually form a row, being arranged side by side. I may state 

 here, that these excretory ducts pierce the conjunctival sur- 

 face generally at a more or less acute angle in a downward 

 direction, so that the upper lip overhangs the orifice (Figs. 

 11,14). 



Even in what appear to be perfectly normal conjunctivae, 

 the orfiices of the ducts are frequently surrounded by a dense 

 lymphoid infiltration in the adjoining tissue. This infiltration 

 is frequently so dense that on surface specimens it may hide 

 the openings. This condition may, perhaps, be the explana- 

 tion for the repeated statements that in the normal conjunc- 

 tiva of man lymph-follicles could be found. I here repeat 

 the statement which I have made on other occasions, that, like 

 Waldeyer, I have never found a true lymph-follicle in the 

 human conjunctiva. 



From the foregoing description it is apparent that a very 

 large, though varying, amount of glandular tissue, of identi- 

 cally the same structure and most probably the same function 

 as the orbital lacrymal gland, is situated in the temporal half 

 of the eyelids above, respectively below, the fornix conjunc- 

 tivae. The secretion of all of these glands, combined with 

 that of the orbital lacrymal gland, is discharged into the con- 

 junctival sac and, flowing over the surface of the eyeball, 

 keeps it and the inner surfaces of the eyelids moist. 



Yet, even a careful removal of all of this glandular tissue 

 does not render the surface of the eyeball dry. There must, 

 therefore, be still other glandular structures, which supply 

 such a moistening liquid, and, in reality, a number of such 

 glands do exist. 



Almost without exception I find one such gland, consisting 

 of 2 or 3, seldom 4 lobules, near the inner canthus in the 

 nasal part of the upper eyelid, or a little higher up in the con- 

 junctiva near the fornix (Figs. 17 to 20); another one, con- 

 sisting usually of 2 lobules, I find in the nasal conjunctiva of 

 the lower eyelid, below the lacrymal caruncle (Figs. 21, 22), 

 and frequently one in the temporal side of the lower eyelid 



