282 A CHEMICAL STUDY OF 



The aqueous extracts contained gum, albuminous substances, carbhydrates, glu- 

 cose, sajwnin, organic acids, calcium oxalate, and no tannin, mineral acids, nor alka- 

 loids. Arabin was not separated from gum (1). Calcium oxalate was brought into 

 aqueous solution possibly by means of the organic acids or saponin. Needle-shaped 

 crystals were found in extract (3). They did not respond to tests for formates, ace- 

 tates, malates, citrates, tartrates, phosphates, oxalates, glucosides, and alkaloids. 



Aqueous extracts of nO° C. to GO °C. from the bark and wood of the root contained 

 Inulin. 



DILUTE CAUSTIC SODA EXTKACTS. 



Extract (1), the Barl: of the Roof. 



The residual powder insoluble in water was suspended whilst moist in a dilute 

 soda solution (0.1 to 0.2 per cent). After twenty-four hours the mixture was filtered. 

 One volume of the filtrate was acidified with acetic acid and mixed Avith three volumes 

 of 90 per cent, alcohol, and allowed to stand in the cool. The precipitate was collected, 

 washed Avith 75 per cent, alcohol, dried, and weighed, deducting ash. It consisted of 

 mucilaa'inous substances and albuminoids. 



Weight of precipitate by 90 per cent, alcoliol yielded 0.85 per ceut. 



ash yielded 0.2.5 



Lassaigne's test showed the presence of albuminous substances. 



The filtrate and wash alcohol from the 90 per cent, alcohol precipitate was evapo- 

 rated to dryness, and weighed, deducting the amount of soda acetate. It gave 0.24 

 per cent. The residue soluble in water was mixed with acetate of copper solution. A 

 very small quantity of alltuminous substances was precipitated by the reagent. 



The allouminoids of the bark Avere estimated from the total nitrogen in one gram 

 of the original poAvder. It yielded 4.75 per cent of albuminoids. 



The powder insoluble in dilute soda solution Avas Avashcd Avith distilled Avater. 

 The liquid was deeply colored. It Avas evaporated, and the amount of solids estimated. 

 It gave 1.3 per cent. 



Extract (2), the Wood of the Root. 



The poAvder insoluble in Avater Avas treated in the same Avay as in extract (1). 

 The filtered solution Avas mixed Avith 90 per cent, alcohol in the manner described. The 

 precipitate was estimated, deducting ash. 



Weight of precipitate by 90 per cent, alcohol yielded 2.170 per cent. 



ashyielded 0.25G 



The filtrate from the 90 per cent, alcohol precipitate was treated Avith Avater, and 

 the soluble matter precipitated by copper acetate. The precipitate was collected, dried, 



