476 SECOND ANNUAL CITRUS EXHIBITION 



Mr. James Boyd said that several years ago a resident of Riverside 

 fmt up a high board fence to protect his trees from the wind, but he 

 had to remove it on account of the frost being so severe behind it. 



Mr. Rudisill said it was not the freezing that hurt the trees, but the 

 thawing out. He had a lemon orchard on the west side of a high 

 windbreak; this windbreak kept the morning sun from the trees 

 until the atmosphere became quite warm. Those trees suffered less 

 from frost than trees not so protected from the sun. 



John Lawshe, of Colton, stated that during a heavy norther a 

 Avindmill twenty -four feet above the ground did not move, showing 

 that the strong wind kept close to the ground. The same mill was 

 run easily by a sea breeze. 



Mr. Price thought windbreaks more cost than profit. 



Mr. Caldwell did not agree with Mr. Price. Windbreaks are abso- 

 lutely necessary; he wanted cypress for low breaks and blue gum for 

 high. 



After a little good natured sparring in regard to the advantages 

 and disadvantages of different localities, the meeting adjourned to 

 7:30 p.m. 



The hall was densely packed during the evening. Exercises were 

 opened by the reading of a paper on " The Comparative Values of 

 Grape Growing for Wine and Raisins and Orange Growing — taking 

 the markets of the future as a basis of comparison," by J. DeBarth 

 Shorb, of San Gabriel. This able paper was published in full in the 

 Press and Horticulturist, of February 28th. 



A. B. Clark, of Orange, was called for. He took the stand, and 

 delivered the best and most practical impromptu speech of the fair. 

 We regret our inability to do it justice, but nothing short of a ver- 

 batim report will present the subject as it deserves. He claimed to 

 have but little experience in fruit culture, except with citrus fruits, 

 and even that had not been extensive. He thought that thus far our 

 discussions had not been sufficiently practical. The orange tree had 

 its enemies; what we wanted was to find remedies for those enemies. 

 He did not value sub-irrigation for all soils; what would do for one 

 soil would not do for another; he had seen soils in which water 

 would not seep away from an irrigating ditch more than five feet; in 

 such a soil as that sub-irrigation would be a failure, unless pipes were 

 laid every ten feet. All topics connected with fruit culture should 

 receive attention; cultivation should not antagonize water — both are 

 necessary. He had received a report on citrus culture from a United 

 States official at Valencia; it contained more valuable information 

 on this subject than he had ever seen come in one article from a for- 

 eign country before. The report contains valuable statistics and 

 information on culture, picking, packing fruit, ease of reaching 

 market, and total results to the producer. Single orange trees in the 

 Azores had produced 20,000 oranges in a single season. WTiole 

 orchards at A^alencia had been made to produce 2,500 oranges per 

 tree bj^ careful i^runing. The orange disease had attacked the seed- 

 ling and they had resorted to the bud. The red scale has been intro- 

 duced into California by nurserymen importing infected trees, and 

 now the pest was widespread. At San Gabriel it had progressed 

 against all efforts to stop it. Information from experienced men is 

 what the people needed. How much would he give for a valuable 

 paper on pruning. Suppose one hundred men contribute $10 each to 



