MATERNAL INDUSTRY : COCOONS OF ORBWEAVERS. 



97 



at Washington, D. C, a single cocoon; another containing two cocoons, 

 sent to Dr. Marx from Fort Yukon, Alaska. Still others were forwarded 



^. . to me from various parts of the country. 

 Distribu- riM r ii ••,!,. . 



^j^^ ihe range of the species is, therefore, evi- 



dently from the southern extremity of Cali- 

 fornia to the Alaskan peninsula on the west, and in 

 the east along the New England coast, and as far south 

 at least as Washington. 



Several of my specimens are fastened to the twigs 

 upon which they were woven, and give a correct idea 

 of the ordinary manner of attachment. The cocoons 

 are about three-eighths of an inch in length, with a 

 foot stalk of varying length, which gradually ends in 

 a fine thread stretched upward along the twig. One 

 example, containing two cocoons, is lashed against a 

 twig by an overlying cord of yellowish silk five inches 

 long. The cocoons are composed of dark brown or 

 bluish silk, with overspread tufts or patches of white. 

 They are separated by a space of nearly lialf an inch, 

 and the foot stalk of the lower cocoon is united to the 

 bottom of the upper one by a thick, stiff, blackish 

 cord. 



The lower portion of the ball of the egg sac has a fig. 78. cocoons of cyrta- 

 scalloped fringe with blunt points or processes, which, i-achne suspended against 



f/ . ^ ' ' a twig. Natural size. 



as far as my specimens show, have nothing 

 Prinee to do with the manner of suspension. Nevertheless, they may 

 serve some useful purpose in anchoring the egg sac to the twig. 

 This description will fairly represent the form and mode of suspension 

 of all my specimens. 



Emerton found his specimens at New Haven, Connecticut, on a beech 



tree. They were dark brown, as dark as the bark of the tree, and as 



hard. Around the middle of each was a circle of irregular 



points. One of his cocoons was attached by a string to the 



bark, and the other was attached in the same way to the 



first cocoon. The spider held on to one of the cocoons, 



which, therefore, had probably been recently spun. We may 



'safely conjecture the date of this observation, October 2'2d, 



Fig. 79. A single ^q |jg ^}^g cocoouing period of this species. The following 



tarachne bi- Spring another similar pair of cocoons was found on a low 



terEmertln^) °^^ *^^^ ^^ *^® saiiic viciiiity, stiU firmly attached to the 



bark. From these tlie young came out in June. 



In my specimens there is much difference as to the regularity of the 



little exterior processes or points alluded to. In some specimens they are 



quite regularly formed, and make a very pretty ornament upon the 



