212 AMERICAN SPIDERS AND THEIR SPINNINGWORK. 



are glossy brownish black, the pubescence gray bristles, without spines. The abdomen 

 differs from that of G. maura in that the six thornlilve spines are much more pointed, and 

 are a bright rosy, reddisli brown color, though the tijis are blackish, and entirely covered 

 with bristles, rising out of strong black bases. The anterior thorns are directed somewhat 

 forward ; the posterior are larger, and decidedly directed backward ; two similar cones jiroject 

 from the apical part. The abdomen is yellow, reticulated, and covered sparsely with soft, 

 short, grayish bristles, the dimpled pits surrounded l)y black patches, in some cases blended 

 together. There are ten of these dimples upon the basal row and nine upon the posterior 

 row. The latter are arranged in three groups, the two larger at the base of the posterior 

 side thorn,-the posterior one of these two forming, with the posterior two of the central 

 quadrilateral, a row whose curvature is backward. The marginal row has five smaller 

 dimples between the bases of the posterior thorns, and slightly curving backward. In the 

 basal row the two dimples near the bases of the anterior sjiines are larger than the others. 

 The sides and venter are black, mottled with yellow spots, covered with soft yellowish 

 gray bristles. The spinnerets are black, and the epigynum is a strong projecting cone, 

 which is tipped with reddish brown. The epigynum (Fig. 9a] has a long subtriangular 

 atriolum, whose edge is deeply indented on either side of the base of a short scapus, 

 which is little more than a rounded and roughened hump. 



Distribution : I have collected this species in Texas, have specimens from North 

 Carolina, and a number from the islands of the Caribbean Sea, collected by Mr. C. H. 

 Townsend. Dr. Marx locates the species in Florida, Alabama, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, 

 and California. It is therefore distributed along the entire Gulf Coast of the United States, 

 and thence across the continent to the Pacific Coast, where it abounds, at least in the 

 southern portion thereof 



Genus ACROSOMA, Perty, 1834. 



In Acrosoma the cephalothorax is a rather lengthened oval, truncated behind, but 

 low in front. The fosse is not deep, the cephalic suture distinct, the head arched and 

 somewhat erect, quadrate and wide in front ; tlie skin hard, glossy, and comparatively 

 smooth. The sternum is longer than wide, marked by decided sternal cones. The 

 labium and maxillae are as in Epeira. The fourth pair of legs the longest, the order 

 being 4, 1, 2, 3 ; well clothed with pubescence, bristles, and short, stubby, bristlelike spines, 

 but lacking the ordinary spinous armature. The eyes are substantially as in Epeira. The 

 abdomen is an elongated rectangular ovate, upon a dorsum the skin of which is bard, 

 glossy, covered with dimples, and marked along the margin by conical tubercles, more or 

 less pointed. The venter is conical, the spinnerets placed at the apex, nearly underneath 

 the middle of the abdomen. Tlie characteristics of this genus are so distinct that it is 

 difficult to mistake the identity, at least of the known American species. 



No. 67. Acrosoma gracile (Walckenaeii). Plate XXI, Figs, l, 4. 



1837. Plectana (/rao'fe, Wai.ckenaer . . Ins. Apt., ii., p. 193; Abbot, G. S., No. — . 



1845. Acrosoma matronale, Kocn, C. . . Die Arach., xi., p. 08, Fig. 887. 



1850. Epeira rngosa, Hentz J. B., vi., p. 21; Sp. U. S., j). 124, xiv., 10. 



1884. Acrosoma nigosa, Emerton . . . N. E. Ep., p. 320, xxxviii., 10. 



1888. Acrosoma gracilis, McCooK . . . Proceed. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., p. 5. 



1889. Acrosoma gracile, Marx Catalogue, p, 539. 



Female: Total length, 10 mm.; abdomen, 7 mm. long (not including the posterior 

 spines), 4.5 mm. wide ; cephalothorax, 3.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide. The colors vary in 

 different species, but the fore part of the body is generally a dark orange or reddish 

 brown, while the abdomen is yellow, with brown or red thornlike sjiines. 



Cephalothorax: Corselet irregular oval, truncated behind; rather flat on the edges, 

 elevated in the centre ; fosse a low cii-cular depression ; skin glossy, hard, slightly covered 



