REPORT ON THE DISEASES OF FARM HORSES. 315 



of tar, an ounce, mix and rub each morning, and wash off the 

 fourth day with soft soap and warm water. All woodwork in 

 stables where affected animals have been kept, should be well 

 washed with a strong solution of potash ley and turpentine ; 

 stone and brick work whitewashed, and clothing scoured in hot 

 water with a strong potash or soda solution. 



Mallenders and Sallenders are names synonymously used 

 for the same disease, affecting the bend in front of the hock and 

 behind the knee. It consists in irritation of the skin set up by 

 want of cleanliness, or during a prevalence of wet weather ; this 

 is succeeded by tumefaction, and at length by suppuration, the 

 pustules taking the form of lines across the limb, owing to the 

 action of the same. 



Treatment. — Cooling lotions and medicines, avoid dirt, and 

 when heat and tenderness is abated use iodine ointment. 



Prevention of mange and mallanders, &c, avoid contagion in 

 the former, and do not allow dirt to accumulate on the legs for 

 the latter. Adopt cleanly habits, and promote health by venti- 

 lation and comfort, with good food. 



blood diseases. 



Strangles is a disease peculiar to horses, and mostly occurs 

 during youth. It is considered by some veterinarians, and not 

 without reason, to be a scrofulous disease. It mostly follows 

 domestication of the animal ; and, although some horses never 

 suffer from it, its occurrence in others cannot be prevented. 



Symptoms. — A period of dullness usually precedes the attack, 

 which is variable, however. The appetite is capricious, the 

 coat begins to stare, flanks tucked up, sore throat comes on, and 

 swellings appear underneath the jaws. 



A cough is present, the possibility of swallowing at length is 

 precluded by the tumefaction, pulse increased, saliva drivels 

 from the mouth when the lips are separated, and a yellow, 

 purulent discharge eventually issues from the nostrils. The 

 increase in size of the inflamed and hard tumours proceeds apace, 

 and in from eight to ten clays begin to feel soft in the centre, a 

 sense of fluctuation or movement of fluid beneath is evident 

 under the finger, and in a few hours matter or pus is evacuated. 

 This is not, however, the usual course which the disease pursues. 



The seat of the formation of matter is sometimes located in 

 the parotid glands, and deep seated ; at others we have severe 

 sore throat and catarrh preceding the attack, and in not a few 

 the tumours, after occupying a protracted period without in- 

 crease in their size, or having any tendency to suppurate, they 

 disappear altogether, or leave small, round, hard nodules in their 

 place. 



Tardy forming tumours in strangles is a variety of the disease 



