320 WHEELER. 



species, I came upon a great army mo^'ing its larvfe. Sam, the negro 

 laboratory attendant, informed me that this army had been living 

 for many days under a pile of large logs about forty feet from the hut. 

 He had disturbed the pile on the preceding day and the Cheliomyrmex 

 had begun to move. They were running along in dense, orderly 

 columns under leaves, sticks or boards, wherever such cover was 

 available, but where they had to cross open spaces, they had built 

 covered galleries about four-fifths of an inch wide, of small particles 

 of earth. The column kept in the shade and crossed the earthen floor 

 of the shed diagonally, disappearing in the dense grass and weeds 

 behind it. There were also numerous openings in the soil, usually 

 circular and about the size of a cent-piece, and from these files of ants, 

 after having proceeded long distances beneath the surface, were 

 emerging to join the columns in the surface galleries. These holes 

 and all the openings in the galleries presented an extraordinary ap- 

 pearance for both the circumferences of the former and the edges of 

 the latter, wherever their ceiling had caved in — and this had occurred 

 in places for distances A'arying from a few inches to a foot — had a 

 regular guard of soldiers, standing close together, side by side, on 

 extended legs, with their heads directed upward, their mandibles 

 wide open and their antennpe waA-ing about in the air. Each round 

 hole presented a beautiful rosette of these guards and each open 

 surface gallery two parallel rows, between which the workers were 

 hurrying along in a dense procession, the smallest carrying the larvae 

 tucked under their bodies. Sam was offered a substantial reward for 

 the queen, but although he dcA'oted most of the day to watching the 

 ants, the only unusual object he found in their moving columns was a 

 fine red myrmecophilous Staphylinid allied to Xcnoccphalus. The 

 extraordinary behavior of the soldiers of this army is of considerable 

 interest as indicating certain ethological affinities of Cheliomyrmex 

 with the African species of Dorylus of the subgenus Anomma, for very 

 similar behavior has been repeatedly observed in these ants by Savage, 

 Vosseler, Lang and others, but, to my knowledge, has never been seen 

 in any species of Eciton. The Chdiomyrmcx larva closely resembles 

 other Doryline larvpe which I have examined {Eciton s. str., Acamatus 

 and Anomma) but has no rudiments of antennae. In this respect it 

 also agrees with Anomma and differs from the Ecitini. 



On many nights, from July 26 to August 31, a few male Dorylines 

 were observed — usually from one to five or six — flying to the lights 

 in the laboratory. I collected all of these specimens, 41 in number, 

 and on examining them found them to comprise two males of E. 



