4 PROCEEDINGS OF ROCHESTER MEETING. 



markings. So far as observed, the first occupy depressions in the ledge, or else are 

 located on tlic lee side of the valley scorings. Our inference is that the S. 30° E. 

 markings were mice quite abundant and have been mostly obliterated by the later 

 local glacier. These examples are not confined to the eastern border of the valley- 

 but have been found elsewhere in the lower regions. 



:;. While it cannot be regarded as a universal fact, many observations show that 

 Hat bowlders imbedded near the surface of the till have been striated by the valley 

 movement as well as by the older action. Hummocks of till can be referred to 

 either of the movements by observing these directions. It would appear that the 

 older till had been deposited before the local glacier had an existence. Agassiz 

 has described this same condition of things in the Bethlehem glacier. The most 

 obvious effect of the later movement has been the removal of the rough blocks 

 from the surface of the older till, and hence smoothed hummocks indicate a later 

 and local movement. 



4. Bowlders have been carried by ths southeasterly movement entirely across 

 the valley and lodged upon the farther side. As our studies have been mainly 

 confined to the depressed region, many cases of this kind have not been observed. 

 The best illustration of it is the presence of numerous bowlders of the mount 

 Ascutney granite in Claremont and Newport, New Hampshire. This mountain 

 lies in the midst of the S. 10° W. striation, but blocks have been carried from it 

 toward the southeast, evidently before the glacier commenced to move down the 

 valley. Others have been carried southerly, as if caught by the later current. 



5. As a rule, the line is sharply defined between the two directions of striation. 



6. The valley movement reached the altitude of 900 feet above the sea in Clare- 

 mont, 1,000 to 1,800 feet in Hanover on the eastern border. 1,900 feet on the western 

 border in Norwich, Vermont, and perhaps 2,500 feet on mount Ascutney. This 

 mountain is a cone, somewhat west of the median line of the valley. 



7. The noted esker described by Warren Upham between Windsor, Vermont, 

 and Lyme, New Hampshire, occupies the area in question, and the stones found in 

 it correspond to ledges on the west and north, but not to those on the eastern side 

 of the valley. Pebbles of porphyry from the White mountains can always be found 

 among them by a diligent search. These could not have been brought by the 

 general ice movement of S. o0° E. The distance of transportation is often as much 

 as sixty miles. 



The evidence of the presence of a Local glacier down the Ammonoosuc river, a 

 principal tributary of the Connecticut, is more pronounced thananything that can 

 be adduced for the area now being discussed. It must have been the upper part of 

 the same local "lacier. 



The papers by the earlier authors were based upon the notion that a single ice 

 sheet mdy is required to account for all the glacial phenomena, and that the ( !on- 

 necticut Valley glacier came into being in the decline of the aires after the ice had 

 ceased to be supplied from Canada. The facts, so far as known in New England, 

 do not nec issitate the existence of more than one ice age, but it is conceivable that 

 the system of glaciers radiating from the Green and White mountains may repre- 

 sent a second Lee sheet. In this connection the attention of glacialists is called to 

 the interesting southwesterly striation found upon certain highlands in southern 

 Vermont and western Massachusetts, as described in < reology of Vermont, volume 

 1, page 7o. These evidently represenl a phase of glaciation different from the on,, 

 described in this paper. 



