OF ARTS AND SCIENCES : MAY 29, 1866. 131 



until recently, when his health gave way. Of his various labors and 

 writings relating to horticulture, it has been said to* be mainly clue to 

 them " that this branch of knowledge has risen from the condition of 

 an empirical art to that of a developed science." At least it may be 

 asserted that scientific horticulture in Great Britain owes more to 

 Lindley than to any other person, except, perhaps, to his predecessor, 

 Knight. In systematic botany his most considerable and profound 

 works related to orchideous plants, upon which he has long been the 

 paramount authority. Physiologist, morphologist, and systematic bot- 

 anist, he displayed equal genius in all these departments of the science; 

 and, if he worked too rapidly to do full justice to his great powers in 

 any one of them, he must be allowed to have contributed efficiently to 

 the advancement of them all. 



His distinguished scientific career was cut short in the year 1862, by 

 an affection of the brain, brought on by protracted and severe over- 

 work ; and he died of apoplexy on the first of November last, leaving 

 a void not easy to be filled. 



Louis Isidore Ddperrey, Admiral in the French Navy, was born 

 in Paris, October 22, 1786. He entered the Navy in 1802, and was 

 for a long time in active service. In 1811 he executed a hydrographic 

 survey of the coast of Tuscany. In the French expedition of 1817, 

 for determining the figure of the globe and the elements of terrestrial 

 magnetism and other purposes, he was entrusted with the hydrograph- 

 ical operations. Soon after this, in 1822, he was placed in command of 

 a new expedition around the world for scientific discovery. An account 

 of this voyage was published in Paris, in six quarto volumes, in the 

 years 1828-32. His observations on the invariable pendulum, and on 

 the inclination and declination of the magnetic needle, made in this 

 voyage, were published in 1827. He also published papers on the 

 configuration of the magnetic equator in 1830 ; on the direction and 

 intensity of terrestrial magnetism in 1837, and in 1841, a paper upon 

 the geographical positions of the magnetic poles, and especially on the 

 position of the southern magnetic pole. He died in Paris, after a long 

 illness, on the 25th of August, 1865. 



Twenty-two members have been elected into the Academy during 

 the year. Nine of these are Resident Fellows, two of the first class, 

 two of the second, and five of the third class. 



Nine are on the Associate or Non-resident list, two in the first, two 

 in the second, and five in the third class. 



Four are Foreign Honorary Members, viz. : J. Victor Poncelet of 



